ON ANTHROPOMETRIC INVESTIGATION IN THE BRITISH ISLES. 357 



CallijMr Measurements, 



1. Upper /ace length. — From the nasion to the edge of tlie gum 

 between the two upper central incisor teeth. A contact measure- 

 ment. 



2. Total face length. — From the nasion to the lower edge of the point 

 of the chin. A contact measurement. 



N.B. — 1)1 connection with these measurements of face length it is important 

 to state the condition of the incisor teeth. 



3. Maximum interzygomatic breadth. — The )naximum diameter be- 

 tween corresponding points on the opposite zygomatic arches. The 

 pressure used is to be as much as can be comfortably borne by the 

 person under examination. 



4. Maximum intermalar breadth. — The maximum diameter between 

 the cheek-bones just below the angles or points of junction between the 

 outer and lower parts of the rims of the orbital openings. A contact 

 measurement. 



5. External orbital breadth. — Maximum diameter between the outer 

 margins of the orbital openings. A contact measurement. 



C. External ocular breadth. — The diameter between the two external 

 canthi of the eyelids. A contact measurement. 



7. Internal ocular breadth . — The diameter between the two internal 

 canthi of the eyelids. A contact measurement. 



N B. — The tivo last measurements should be taken when the eyes are open. 



8. Gonial breadth. — The diameter between the extreme outer points of 

 the angles of the lower jaw. This measurement is to be taken with the 

 maximum comfortable pressure. 



Tape Measurement. 



9. Orbito-nasal. — From the same points as Ko. 5, the tape passing 

 lightly over the nasion. > 



Radii {Auricidar Radiometer). 

 All these are to be measured by contact only. 



1 0. Upper nasal. — From the ear-holes to the nasion. 



11. Mid-nasal. — From the ear holes to the lower border of the nasal 

 bones in the middle line. 



12. Lovjer nasal. — From the ear-holes to the point of the nose. 



13. Alveolar. — From the ear-holes to the margin of the gum between 

 the two upper central incisor teeth. 



14. Mental. — From the ear-holes to the point of the chin. 



C. Nose. 

 Calliper Measurements. 



(All these are to be measured by contact only.) 

 1. Kasal height. — From the nasion to the subnasal point. 



