J50 REPORTS ON THE STATE OF SCIENCE. 



The selection of times has been made with a view to the detei-minatloli 

 of the true daily mean temperature from the observations at fixed hours. 

 For other elements and for other climates, other combinations of hours 

 might prove to be more suitable. The question can only be dealt with 

 effectively by a study of the records from first-order stations. 



Monthly summaries of the observations should be prepared in the 

 International Form, of which the Monthly Report of the Meteorological 

 Oflice may be taken as a specimen. 



In cases where the complete scheme of observations is impracticable 

 or undesirable, a form similar to Meteorological Office Form No. 34 should 

 be used for recording the observations, but provision should be made if 

 possible, for including observations of wind. The abridged summaries, 

 given in the Monthly Report of the Meteorological Office, may be taken as a 

 specimen of the form for publishing these data. The observations of wind 

 should be summarised in the manner shown in the full monthly summary. 



It is a recognised principle in meteorological publications that the 

 values of the various meteorological elements are arranged in parallel 

 vertical columns. Reading downwards any column gives the values of 

 the elements either for various stations, or for successive days, or for con- 

 secutive months, years, or lustra of five years, as the case may be. 



It is highly desirable that private observers who undertake meteoro- 

 logical observations should arrange their observations upon the recognised 

 plan, and forward copies of them to some central meteorological institution 

 in order that the lesults may be made available for use by investigators. 



Appendix I (c). 

 Other Factors to he considered. 



The following information should also be supplied, in addition to the 

 meteorological conditions : — • 



Physical Structure and Surface Conditions — 



1. Physical configuration in contours, if possible. 

 '2. Geological formation : (a) surface, (J) solid. 



3. Soil, sub-soil, and rock : (a) composition, (J) porosit}'. 



4. Ground water : (a) composition, (S) variation of level, (c) othet movements^ 



Note relation to seasonal rainfall. 



5. Rivers: (a) depth of water, (J) rate of flow, (c) seasonal variations, 



Cd) sources of pollution. 



lilolofjical Conditions^ 



1. Vegetation. (Note especially the distribution of wood, grass, cultivated, 



waste, marsh, and bare land.) 



2. Any notes on insect or other animal life of the locality in relation to 



health. 



Human Conditions — 



1 . Population of area. ^ 



2. Density of different sections in temis of (a) peoijle ] These ai'e generally 



per acre, (h) inhabited houses per acre. \ the subjects of 



3. Distribution of occupations. ' official Inquiry. 



4. Distribution of birth-rates and death-rates. ) 



5. Typical diets of different sections of the comninnity. 



6. Water-supply: (a) source of supply above or below m-ound Water-level, 



(&) nature of water— hard, soft, saline, variations with seasons, 



7. Disposal of refuse, and more particularly of sewage. 



8. Any fluctuations in employment, with special notes on effects of strikes or 



famines (when they occur). 



