TRANSACTIONS OF SECTION I. 875 



The following fatigue graphs have been drawn : — ■ 



1. Primary school student. 



2. Primary school teacher. 



3. Professor in university. 



4. Student in university. 



5. Vicar in suburban parish. 



G. Private pupil : showing physiological effect on him of different methods of 

 teaching. In all cases readings have been taken over a series of days. 



The last part of the paper was concerned with fatigue in Egypt, and the condi- 

 tions generally which obtain in Mohammedan schools. 



Educationists in Egypt regret the prevalence of the memorising system and 

 the unavoidable difficulties of the Fast of Ramadan. 



Two graphs are shown of a student in a secondary school in Egypt. The first 

 series of readings were taken before the Fast of Ramadan, the second series during 

 that Fast. 



In conclusion it would seem that testhesiometric measurement not only gives 

 very positive results which are helpful to the educationist, but also, by coming into 

 conflict with subjective opinion, seems to suggest a possible cure for those who are 

 subject to accidie and psychical maladies generally. 



The following Papers and Report were then read : — 



1. 2Vie Interpretation of the Results obtained from the Study of Cerehral 

 Localisation in the Prosiniite. By Profe.ssor W. H. Wilson and 

 Professor G. Elliot Smith, F.E.S. 



This research was undertaken seven years ago, with the object of determining 

 whether or not electrical stimulation of the cerebral corte.i would yield evidence 

 for the identification of a small sulcus in the brains of certain lemurs, which 

 one of us (G. E. S.), on morphological grounds, had described as the repre- 

 sentative of the upper part of the sulcus centralis of monkeys and man. The 

 demonstration by iSherrington and Griinbaum that the sulcus centralis was the 

 caudal limit of the excitable area of cortex gave us a definite criterion to make 

 use of in deciding whether or not a sulcus oitght to be regarded as Rolando's 

 furrow. We chose the lemurs for this investigation because the arrangement of 

 the sulci in the members of this sub-order formed the key to the comparison of 

 the fissural plan in all the non-primate mammals with that of the apes and man ; 

 the plan formed by the sulci in the lemurs so closely resembled that found in the 

 apes that the identity of most of the furrows was obvious; and, at the same 

 time, the Prosimian arrangement was appreciably nearer to — i.e., more like — that 

 found in the carnivora and uugulata and the other mammalia. Six years ago we 

 stimulated two bi-ains of Loris gracilis, eraplo} ing Sherrington's unipolar method, 

 and found centres for movements of the leg, trunk, arm, and head immediately 

 in front of the position of the coronal suture (of the skull), the two brains being 

 quite devoid of the sulcus .r, our supposed upper part of Rolando's sulcus. On 

 examining a series of eight brains of Lovis (jracilis we found in two of them a 

 sulcus .r exactly on the line of the coronal suture. 



Next year Page May joined us, and with our help he stimulated the brains of 

 two examples oi Lemur viacaco, using the bipolar method. 



The motor area was mapped out with the greatest ease, and was found to 

 stop sharply at the sulcus x, thus confirming the view which our anatomical 

 researches had previously suggested. Page May repealed the experiments on 

 another lemur, and examined the distribution of the Betz cells in several specimens. 

 The results were presented to the British Association in 1904 at Cambridge. 



The authors then repeated the experiments (using the unipolar method) on 

 three examples of Lemur mongoz, and studied the distribution of the Betz cells 

 in lemurs of various species, in PerocUcMus, Loris, Nycticebus, and Tarsius. 



