AXTHROPOMETKIC INVESTIGATIONS AMoNG NATIVE EGYPTIAN TROOPS. 347 



Aidhrujjoineli'ic hicBstiiJdtions amuiuj the ISlatice Trvops of the Efjyjpliaii 

 Annij. — -Rejjort of the Com)nit(ee, conisisthuj of Professor A. 

 Macalistek {Chairinvba), Professor C. S. Myeks {Hecretanj), Sir 

 John Evans^ and Professor D. J. Cunningham. 



A FUiiTUKR paper prepared by the Secretary in now ready for publication 

 in the 'Journal of the Anthropological Institute.' The meaaurements, 

 which were published in the last Report to the British Association, have 

 since been studied in greater detail. The probable errors of the means 

 liave been calculated, and have been taken into account in comparing 

 the population of different pro\inces in respect of eight characters. 



The conclusions drawn are : — 



(i) that while the differences in cephalic index which occur between 

 the people of Uakahlia, Kena, and (^Hrga are not with any certainty 

 significant, tiie people of Dakahlia are with considerable probability 

 distinctly less dolichocephalic than the people of Giza and Baheira ; 



(ii) that the differences in mean facial index for the various provinces 

 are not with certainty significant ; 



(iii) that a most marked difference in the nasal index occurs in the 

 various provinces, as shown in the following table : — 



Omitting for the present from consideration three provinces of Lower 

 Egypt, Menufia, I^aliubia, and Sharkia (in two of which the number of 

 individuals examined was certainly insutticient), we see that a very 

 decided fall occurs in the nasal index, as we descend from Upper to Lower 

 Egypt. 



These variations in the nasal index appear to be accompanied by 

 similar changes in the gnathic index. Thus, on the whole, the people of 

 Lower Egypt are distinctly more leptorhine and apparently more ortho- 

 nathous than those of Upper Egypt. 



Two characteristically negroid features, a relative increase in the 

 length of the tibia and of the radius, are probably somewhat more marked 

 in the provinces of Upper than in those of Lower Egypt. However the 

 small number of measurements of these characters and their wide varia- 

 bility compel us to accept this conclusion with reservation. 



A study of the average homogeneity of the population as determined 

 by the coefHcients of variability fails to show the existence of any 

 difference in this respect among the peoples of different provinces. 



The distributions of individual measurements which have been 

 investigated relate to the (i) head length, (ii) head breadth, (iii) cephalic 

 index, (iv) nasal length, (v) nasal l)readth, (vi) nasal index, and (vii) upper 

 facial index for the following provinces : (a) Kena and Oirga, {b) Assiut 

 and Minia, (c) Gliarbia, (J) iJakahlia, (e) Menutia. 



Alike in a/l five frequency polygons of the nasal index, a peak is shown 



