3.|8 REPORTS ON THE STATE OF (SCIENCE, 



at 72 and another at Ijetween 76 and 78. In the frequency polygons d^ 

 nasal length, they all show a peak at 46-47, and another at about 50. In 

 the polygon for nasal breadth the provinces of Kena and Girga show a 

 single peak at 37, those of Assiut and Minia, Gharbia, Dakahlia, and 

 Menufia, shc-v a peak at 35- .36, while those of Assiut and Minia, Gharbia 

 and Menufia, show a second peak at 38. 



The frequency polygons of the cephalic index for Assiut and Minia 

 and for Dakahlia show one peak at 73 and another at 77, that for Kena 

 and Girga shows one peak at 73 and the other at 76. Those for Gharbia 

 and Menufia show a single peak at 74. 



It is tempting to suppose that some, at least, of these coincidences 

 cannot be due to chance, and that the distrilration curve is a cotuposite of 

 two (or more) elementary constituents, each of which has a single peak, 

 and constitutes an underlying ethnic type. Further statistical examina- 

 tion is in progress to test the probability of this supposition. 



Lastly, a study has been made of those differences of form, colour, and 

 texture of certain regions of the body, the grades of which it is difficult 

 or impossible to express numerically. Tables have been prepared showing 

 for ditterent provinces the percentage frequency of different grades in 

 (1) eye colour, (2) skin colour, (3) hair colour, (4) hair texture; the shape 

 of (5) chin, (6) lip, (7) root, (8) bridge, (9) ahe of nose ; (10) development 

 of the lobe of the ear, (11) shape of the head in norma occipitalis. 



The skin and eye colour liglitens in the more northern provinces ; the 

 hair colour is remarkably uniform. Spiral and crisp hair is relatively 

 more frequent in Upper Egypt, curly and wavy hair in Lower Egypt. 

 The chin shows no obvious difl'erence. 



The lips become more delicate as we proceed further north. A study 

 of the nose shape corroborates the conclusions already reached by calcu- 

 lations from the nasal index. 



The remaining features utterly fail to serve as differentiating 

 characteis. 



We conclude, then, that the most important difference between the 

 inhabitants of different provinces, which is revealed by our anthropometric 

 survey, lies in the relative pi'ominence of negroid features as reflected in 

 the nasal and gnathic index, the form of the nose, the colour of tlie eyes 

 and skin, and the texture of the hair. 



We have yet to consider certain special problems; e.ij , measurements 

 on the Copts, on the inhabitants of the Fayum oasis, on the Sudanese, 

 and on individuals of mixed parentage. But in order to effect this 

 (which will form the conclusion of the inquiry), the Committee does not 

 seek reappointment. 



The Committee is strongly of the opinion that for future reference 

 the fifteen thousand Egyptian measurements and the Sudanese measure- 

 ments which have been accumulated in this anthropometric survey should 

 be published in the pagf s of tlie ' Journal of the Anthropological Institute,' 

 where the details abstracted in these reports have already appeared. The 

 data are capable of considerable further study, and may be put to very 

 different uses according to the interest and needs of later investigators. 

 The Committee is very glad to learn that the Council of the Anthro- 

 pological Institute has consented to pay one half the cost of printing 

 these data, from the funds of the Institute. 



