402 REPOKTS ON THE STATE OF SCIENCE. 



Two sections have so far been taken of the city ditch, one just outside 

 the N. gate, the other some way further E. ; ' but it has not yet been 

 ascertained whether the ditch originally belonged to the mound, the wall 

 having thus been constructed on a shelf cut in the mound, and using the 

 same ditch. This can probably be found out at the point indicated to 

 the N. of the amphitheatre, and it would be in this work, in taking 

 another section of the city ditch and in working any wells that may 

 come to light, that the balance of the British Association's grant for last 

 year and the grant for the present year would be expended. 



(b) Sundry Animal Remains found at Caerivent, 1904. — The following 

 animal remains have been identitied in the course of the excavations : — 



(1) From a pot found upright in 'House XII.,' Room 39 : Shrew, Sorex 

 vulgaris ; bird (egg-shell) ; toad, Bufo vulgaris ; molluscs. Helix pomatia 

 (fragment), Helix aspersa, Helix rotundata, Helix pidchella, Cochlicopia 

 lubrica, Limax agrestis (V). 



(2) From a drain by the side of the wall on S. side of S. gate (later 

 extension of XIII.), 10 feet 4 inches below grass : Pig, Sus scrofa ; teal, 

 Querquedxda crecca (?) ; fowl (?) ; tish-bone ; iron nail. 



(3) From ' House XII.,' Room 20, 6 feet down : Achatina acicula and 

 Microtus sp. 



(4) From the westernmost of two V-shaped drains between 

 ' Houses XI. and XII.,' 5 feet down : Much Roman pottery ; 3fus 

 sylvaticus (?) ; Dunlin, Tringa alpina (beak) ; teal. 



(c) Report on Wells and their Contents, 1905. — Well A lies E. of 

 House VI. N. (see ' Archseologia,' vol. lix. p. 112); it is 25' 6" 

 deep; its width varies; at mouth, 2' 3"x2' 5"; at 18 ft. down, 

 2' 9" X 3' 0" ; at 21^ ft. down, 2' 8" x 3' 0" ; and at the bottom 2'^3" x 2' 5", 

 as at the mouth. The masonry is good throughout ; the bottom is sandy 

 rock. There is a spring at 18 feet, and here one stone is displaced. This 

 well had already been cleared to 18 feet in 1903. 



On clearing from 18 feet to 22 feet the finds were as follows : Skulls of 

 cows and other bones of cows and sheep — alj cows were poleaxed ; part 

 of the skull of a dog, and three fragments of stag-horn. From 22 feet to 

 the bottom the finds were, more fragments of stag-horn, more skulls of 

 cows {B. longifrons), oyster-shells, a scallop-shell, fragments of wood, and 

 hoops from buckets, small twigs, an acorn, fragments of human skull 

 (23^ feet to 24^ feet down), much Roman pottery of ordinary types, and 

 many old shoes (not of the open-work type) with hob-nails on the soles.- 



Well B lies W. of House XIII. N. It is 19^ ft. deep ; its width 

 varies: at mouth, 2' 6" ; at 15 feet down, 3' 0" X 3' 3" ; at bottom, 

 2' 4" X 2' 8". The masonry is good, but the last two feet have no 

 masonry, the sides being of clay. The bottom is of hard gravel. 



The contents were as follows : {a) from 4^ feet to 10^ feet, cow -bones, 

 a fragment of wall-plaster, much concrete, and a little ordinary Roman 

 pottery ; (6) from 10^ feet to the bottom, cow-bones, and (at 12 feet) 

 sheep-bones, a few oyster-shells, fragments of ordinary pottery and roof- 

 tiles, and a few fragments of shoe-leather. 



' See Caerw. Comm. Report for 1901-3 {Archaologia, vol. lis. 87 seq. and pi. is.). 



" The mud from the last four feet of the well was very difficult to examine 

 carefully when it was actually excavated ; but after it had dried, when it was used 

 for filling in, in July of the j^resent year (1906) five coins were found. The only 

 legible one of these is a coin of Constaus (Cohen, vol. vii. p. 431, No. 179.) Another 

 appears to be a barbarous (British ?) imitation of a Roman coin. 



