692 TRANSACTIONS OF SECTION H. 



5. Report on Archcmlogical and- Ethnological Researches in Crete. 



See Reports, p. 408. 



6. Excavations at Sparta in 1906. By R. C. Bosanquet, 'M.A., F.S.A. 



The work of the British School at Sparta ia 1906 has been to survey the site 

 and investigate the Romano-Byzantine fortress. Parts of the Hellenic town-wall 

 have lieen discovered and traced, and general conclusions have been formed as to 

 the extent and disposition of the town at different periods. 



The sanctuary of Artemis Orthia has been identified and the stratification of 

 a ' geometric ' and a ' Corinthian ' layer determined. Extensive deposits of ivories, 

 lead figurines, and gi-otesque clay masks have been found, the last afibrding 

 evidence as to naturalism in archaic Spartan art ; in Roman times there was a 

 further development of the cult, and numerous votive inscriptions recording 

 musical and athletic victories of Spartan boys in the second century a.d. have been 

 found. In the third century A.D. a theatre-like building was constructed in the 

 Te/xevcs, the prosceuiuai of which was the front of the temple. 



Besides the Director of the School, Messrs. R. M. Dawkins, G. Dickins, 

 H. J. W, Tillyard, Ramsay Traquair (architect), and A. J. B. Wace took part in 

 the campaign. The complete excavation of the Temple of Artemis will require 

 at least another season. 



7. Ifote on the Prehistoric Civilisation of South Italy, ivith special 



reference to Campania. By T. E. Peet, B.A. 



The author discussed Professor Pigorini's interpretation of Dr. Quagliati's 

 discovery (in 1899) of a well-marked terramare settlement at Scoglio del Tonno, 

 neav Ta,ra,nto {Tarentum). 



A survey of the oftshoots of the Villanovan culture on both sides of the 

 Apennines suggests (1) that on the eastern slope the influence of this culture, 

 though it extended past Novilara to the valleys of the Pescaro and Sangro, failed 

 altogether to penetrate into Apulia, obstructed apparently by the representatives 

 of the ' Apulian' culture of the Early Iron Age ; (2) that up the valleys above 

 named the Novilara culture did extend south and westward as far as Alfidena and 

 the head-waters of the Volturno, and so came into contact with the Campanian 

 culture, but only late, in the relation of borrower rather than lender ; (3) that the 

 culture of Campania, though based, like that of Novilara, on the lineal descendant of 

 the jeneolirhic culture of Middle Italy, derived its Villanovan elements from the 

 north by way of Latium, but transmuted them so completely that it is as difiicult 

 to believe that a Villanovan culture, supposed byPigorini to have existed in South 

 Italy, passed southward by way of Campania as to suppose that it penetrated by the 

 Adriatic slope of Italy. 



It follows that Scoglio del Tonno must be regarded as the result of an isolated 

 raid of terramare folk, not as the representative of any widespread culture of 

 ' Italic ' type. 



8. On the Evolution of Design in Greek and Turkish Embroideries. 



By Miss L. F. Pesel. 



The material on which this paper is based has been collected and studied in 

 Greek lands round the shores of the ^Egean. The embroideries themselves are of 

 very different ages and styles ; the only early-dated specimen belongs to 1760, but 

 the designs show the influence of Byzantine art, modified by contact with Italian 

 art both of the Middle Ages and of the Renaissance, and also with Oriental 

 styles brought from Asia Minor and other parts of the Turkish Empire, and even 

 from as far ofl^ as Persia. 



Endeavours are now being made to collect and classify, before it is too late, 

 the examples of the principal styles, basing inferences on those kinds of which 



