TOPOGRAPHICAL AND GEOLOGICAL TERMS IN SOUTH AFRICA. 163 



Panneveld — 



Country characterised by numerous pans. 



Plaat— 



A wide surface of bare rock, e.g., of granite, e.g., Klipplaat. 



Phi Kop — 



A flat-topped hill or mountain. 



Pont— 



A ferry, e.g., Lindeque's Pont, on the Vaal River. 



Poort— 



A low gap or short narrow gorge intersecting a range of hills = ' water-gap ' of 

 American geologists (lit. gate), e.g., Krokodilpoort, Komati Poort, &c. 



Poortje — 



A little poort. 



Punt— 



(i) A point on the coast, or (ii) a spur of a mountain. 



Puts— 



A pit or well. 



Rand — 



A ridge or steep escarpment, generally of no great elevation, e.g., Rooirand 

 (red ridge), Boschrand, Gatsrand, Witwatersrand (hence "The Rand'), 

 &c. 



Randje — 



The diminutive of Band. 



Rug, plural Rug gen — 



A ridge or series of ridges. The ' Ruggens ' in Cape Colony is a plain much 

 entrenched by rivers — a dissected peneplain. 



Shut— 



A ditch or water- furrow. 



Spitz Kop — 



A pointed or conical hill. 



Spruit — 



A small river or rivulet. 



Strand — 



A beach or strand. 



Tafelberg or Tafelkop — 

 A table-topped mountain. 



Toren — 



A tower (applied to a pointed hill), e.g., Babylon's Toren. 



Vallet— 



A valley, often pronounced like, but distinct in meaning from, vhi. 



