THE FIPtE-CRESTED WREN. 277 



skylarks, a goldfincli and a robin, and they lived when at home in a large and well- 

 thatched aviary, which was placed in a very sheltered position. In tliis abode they kept 

 open house, for there was always a good supply of food kept therein, and the door was 

 never shut save at night, when we closed it to keep out stray cats, rats, and other enemies 

 of the feathered race. After partaking of a good breakfast, they would daily leave their 

 comfortable home on expeditions of pleasure or business, and return regularly to their 

 supper and perch. 



During the very cold weather of 1853, they brought home nightly a party of hungry 

 wild birds to share with themselves the hospitality of the aviary ; sometimes their guests 

 would number nearly two hundred, and it was really quite astonishing to see the quantity 

 of bread, barley, and fat meat, that these little beings would dispose of In this assembly 

 most of our small native birds had representatives, and amongst them were the two before- 

 mentioned Golden-crested Wrens, who were the first to reach and the last to quit their 

 good quarters. 



Whilst they honoured us with their company, they ruled the whole bird community, 

 and what they could not achieve by force they would accomplish by stratagem. For 

 instance, if one of these tiny creatures took a fancy to a piece of meat to which Mr. Jack- 

 daw had helped himself, and which he was holding firmly down with one foot whilst he 

 pecked away at it after the dawish fashion, this mite of a bird would jump upon the jack- 

 daw's head, and attack the eye that was situated on the side of the occupied foot. The 

 poor jackdaw, not quite understanding what had gone wrong with him, would lift his foot 

 to scratch his tiny tormentor off his head, when in an instant the coveted morsel was seized 

 by the daring thief. If the daw were unwise enough to follow, vainly hoping to recover 

 his property, the wicked wee thing would get upon his back, where he knew himself to be 

 safe, and the poor jackdaw was forced to content himself with other fare. 



If, after selecting a piece of meat, the Wrens were left to themselves, they would leave 

 the larger birds and retire to a quiet corner, where they would both peck amicably at the 

 same piece, and if the meat happened to be tough, one of the wise little things would hold 

 it fast in its bill, while the other would pull a morsel off; and then the one that had eaten 

 would perform the same kind office for his friend. Before the winter was over, there was 

 not a bird in the aviary that did not give way to the two little Kinglets, and they alwa^'"^ 

 went to roost upon the backs of some other birds ; I thought that they did* this to warm 

 their feet. 



They remained with us until May, and then, when all nature appeared to be bursting 

 with life and beauty, and the huge forest trees and even the old earth herself had donned 

 their glorious resurrection robes, the Golden-crests forsook us. I suppose they found the 

 aviary dull, and we ourselves soon sought another home ; hence we never renewed our 

 friendly intercourse with these interesting little birds." 



The entire length of this bird is about three inches and a half, and its general colour is 

 brownish above marked with olive-green, and flanked with white on the wing-coverts. 

 The under surface is yellowish-grey, the beak is black, and the eye hazel-brown. The 

 forehead is marked with greyish-white ; the crest is brilliant yellow tipped with orange, 

 and on each side of the crest runs a black line. The female is not so brilliant in her 

 colouring, and the crest is wholly of a pale yellow. 



The EiEE-CEESTED Wren is very similar to the preceding species, but may be distin- 

 guished from it by the ruddy hue of the forehead, the fiery orange of the crest, and the 

 decidedly yellow hue of the sides of the neck. It is an inhabitant of England, but is a 

 much rarer bird than the Golden-crest. Owing to the great resemblance between the two 

 species, they have often been mistaken for each other, and it is only within a comparatively 

 recent period that their diversity was established. . Another species of the same genus, the 

 Dalmatian Regtjlus {Begulus modestus) has, although very rarely indeed, been found in 

 England. The general colour of the plumage is greenish-yellow, and the crown of the 

 head is marked by a narrow streak of paler yellow. 



