106 TRANSACTIONS OF THE 



ANNUAL ADDRESS OF THE PRESIDENT, 



J. W. Powell. 



Delivered February 7, 1882. 



OUTLINES OF SOCIOLOGY. 1 



By organized association men live together in bodies politic. 

 That men may live in peace, render one another assistance, and act 

 together as units for mutual protection, is the purpose subserved by 

 organized association. In order that men may associate, their con- 

 duct must be regulated. For the regulation of conduct there must be 

 organization, and the plan upon which a body politic is organized 

 depends upon the nature of the regulation for which it is used — 

 organ is adapted to function. 



The organization of the body politic constitutes the State. 



Again, there must be — 



First, some method of determining the particulars of conduct 

 that require regulation and the quality and quantity of regulation 

 required. 



Second, there must be means of enforcing regulation. 



Third, there must be means of determining whether conduct 

 conforms to rule. 



The machinery established by a society for accomplishing these 

 purposes constitutes Government. 



Yet again, there are the rules which the body politic determines 

 to be necessary for peace, mutual assistance, protection, and the 

 common welfare, and these constitute the Law. 



The science of sociology, from the nature of the functions of 

 social organization, may be fundamentally divided into "three sub- 



1,1 The Saturday Lectures," &c, pp. 60-82; also, separate as " Saturday Lec- 

 ture" No. 4. 



