ANTHROPOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 109 



zations mentioned above as grouped in different orders. The 

 second class is indirectly related to government. These organi- 

 zations serve a variety of purposes. Men are organized into 

 societies for religious, charitable, educational, industrial, and other 

 ends, and such societies will here be called corporations. These 

 organizations of the minor class, unlike those of the major class, 

 do not constitute a part of the government, but they form a part 

 of the state and must necessarily be considered in the plan of the 

 state. While not a part of the government in any important way 

 they are connected therewith. The regulation of conduct involved 

 in the successful working of such corporations may be immediately 

 determined by the bodies of men severally involved, and expressed 

 in charters, constitutions, by-laws, and rules of order. But over 

 all these is the law of the government, with which the rules or 

 laws of the several minor organizations must conform, and for the 

 ultimate enforcement of which government is to a large extent 

 responsible. Thus we have the major and minor organizations of 

 the state, the major and minor laws of the state, and the govern- 

 ment of the state directly enforcing the major laws and indirectly 

 enforcing the minor laws. 



The science called Sociology in its three great divisions — the 

 state, the government, and the law — deals with all organizations of 

 the people for whatsoever purpose they may be formed. 



A part of the regulation of a state belongs to the major, another 

 part to the minor, organizations of the state, but the functions of 

 the two classes of regulation are not clearly and permanently dif- 

 ferentiated. A particular system of regulation may be relegated 

 now to the government and now to a society of the minor class, 

 or the system of regulation may be divided between them. For 

 example, the government may entirely control a system of educa- 

 tion, or the system of education may be entirely controlled by 

 minor societies ; or, again, a part of the educational system may 

 belong to the government and a part to minor societies. The 

 boundary lines between major and minor regulation are ever 

 shifting. 



