56 BULLETIN OF THE 



To these assertions Mr. De Hass replies : 1. The identity 

 of Mound-Builders with any tribe of Mexicans cannot be 

 sustained. 2. The resemblance of the mounds to the teocal- 

 lis is not sufficient to establish the identity of those who 

 erected them. 3. Sacrificial mounds in the Ohio valley are 

 purely mythical. 4. Worked obsidian has not been found 

 in western tumuli. 5. No records exist concerning the 

 Mound-Builders since the conquest of Mexico. 6. No mounds 

 are found within several hundred miles of the Lake Superior 

 copper region. 7. Copper implements are very rare, even in 

 the mounds. 



Mr. Morgan's theory is stated in the form of questions : 1. 

 Did the Mound-Builders come from the south? 2. Were 

 they village Indians ? 3. Were their mural works designed 

 to support dwellings? All of these are answered by Mr. 

 Morgan in the affirmative. 



Mr. De Hass, reviewing these questions in their order, 

 replied : 



1. The vast and complicated systems of eartworks stretch- 

 ing from the lakes to the Gulf become more complicated 

 and formidable as we proceed southward. It is not improb- 

 able that the Mound-Builders divided at some point in the 

 Mississippi Valley — one portion going southeast into Florida, 

 and thence across to the West Indies ; the other, sweeping 

 over Indian Territory, Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, Chihua- 

 hua, and other portions of northern Mexico, finally reached 

 the valley of Anahuac. The difference in the art relics of 

 the two regions were adduced to show that there had not 

 been a northern migration. Indeed, not a single tropical 

 animal or plant appears upon the fictile ware or the sculpt- 

 ures of the Mound-Builders. 



The position assumed by Mr. Morgan that the Mound- 

 Builders were our modern Indians was opposed by Mr. De 

 Hass on the ground of their difference in customs of living 

 and sepulture, in monumental and artistic development and. 

 in their crania. Again, the sites chosen by the Mound- 

 Builders were the very points selected for some of our most 



