ANTHROPOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 97 



become segregated from their friends and terminated their 

 wanderings by a settlement on the Delaware. 



The Eries being overthrown, the survivors driven from 

 their ancient homes and deprived of the lake as a principal 

 source of food supply, were forced to resort more extensively 

 to the chase as a means of subsistence, the tendency of 

 which would be to divide the tribe into small hunting par- 

 ties, and encourage the wandering propensities so often re- 

 marked of the Shawnees. 



In 1669 a Shawnee prisoner offered to guide La Salle from 

 Lake Ontario to the Ohio River, with which region he (the 

 Shawnee) was familiar and in which he probably resided. 

 The " Illinois " informed Marquette, in 1670, that the 

 " Chaouanons " lived thirty days' journey southeast of their 

 country. 



In 1672, Father Marquette locates the " Chaouanons " on 

 the Ohio River in twenty-three villages. In 1680 a " Cha- 

 ouanon " chief, living on a great branch of the Ohio, sent 

 to La Salle to form an alliance. 



The map accompanying Marquette's journal, published in 

 1681, locates the "Chaouanons" on the Ohio River, near the 

 Mississippi ; but on his original manuscript map they are 

 located in a vast unexplored region far to the east of the 

 Mississippi, in about the latitude of the middle or upper Ohio. 



In 1682, La Salle took possession of the country east of 

 the Mississippi, from its mouth to the Ohio, with the con- 

 sent of the " Chaouanons," " Chichachas," et at. 



" Joutel," the companion of La Salle, remarks that the 

 Shawanoes " formerly lived on the borders of Virginia and 

 the English colonies." 



Father Gravier, in 1700, speaks of the " Chaouanoua " as 

 living upon a main branch of the Ohio, coming from the 



s. s. w. 



De Lisle's map of 1700 places the " Ontouagannha " (a 

 Jesuit synonym for Shawnee) on the headwaters of the Santee 

 and Great Pedee rivers, in South Carolina, and the " Chion- 

 onons " on the Tennessee River, near its mouth. A portion 



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