130 TRANSACTIONS OF THE 



all philosophy, true or false, and such symbolism was culti- 

 vated as an occult art in the early history of civilization 

 when picture-writing developed into conventional writing ; 

 and symbolism is an interesting subject for study but it has 

 been made a beast of burden to carry packs of metaphysic 

 nonsense. 



Sociology. 



In Sociology the following papers have been presented : 



The Old Roman Senate : A Study of Deliberative 

 Assemblies ; by J. Howard Gore. 



French and Indian Half-breeds of the Northwest ; 

 by Victor Havard. 



Poisoned Weapons of North and South America ; by 

 W. J. Hoffman. 



The Development of Deliberative Government among 

 the North American Indians ; by J. Howard Gore. 



Wyandot Government : A Short Study of Tribal So- 

 ciety ; by J. W. Powell. 



Scheme of the Tenth Census for the Enumeration of 

 Untaxed Indians ; by Gar rick Mallery. 



Civilization ; by M. B. W. Hough. 



Here again North America presents a wide and interest- 

 ing field to the investigator, for it has within its extent 

 many distinct governments and these governments so far as 

 investigations have been carried, are found to belong to a 

 type more primitive than any of the feudalities from which 

 the civilized nations of the earth sprang as shown by con- 

 currently recorded history. 



Yet in this history many facts have been discovered sug- 

 gesting that feudalities themselves had an origin in some- 

 thing more primitive. In the study of the tribes of the 

 world, a multitude of sociologic institutions and customs 

 have been discovered and in reviewing the history of feu- 

 dalities it is seen that many of their important elements 

 are survivals from tribal society. 



