132 TRANSACTIONS OF THE 



by the organ of the mind as shown in man and the lower 

 animals ; a linguistic basis as presented in the phenomena 

 of language, which is the instrument of mind ; a functional 

 basis as exhibited in operations of the mind. 



The phenomena of the third class may be arranged in 

 three sub-classes. First, the operations of mind exhibited 

 in individuals in various stages of growMi, various degrees 

 of culture, and in various conditions, normal and abnormal ; 

 second, the operations of mind as exhibited in technology, 

 arts and industries ; third, the operations of mind as exhib- 

 ited in philosophy ; and these are the explanations given of 

 the phenomena of the universe. On such a basis a scien- 

 tific psychology must be erected. 



The transactions of this Society for the past two years 

 exhibit evidence that Anthropology in its various branches 

 is already receiving attention from the objective stand-point; 

 subjective disquisitions find but little place therein and the 

 series of papers constitute a valuable body of contributions 

 to the science. 



As methods of study are discovered a vast field opens to 

 the American scholar. Now, as at all times in the history 

 of civilization, there has been no lack of interest in this 

 subject, and no lack of speculative writers ; but there is a 

 great want of trained observers and acute investigators. 



If we lay aside the mass of worthless matter which has 

 been published and consider only the material used by the 

 most careful writers, we find on every hand that conclusions 

 are vitiated by a multitude of errors of fact of a character 

 the most simple. Yesterday I read an article on the 

 "Growth of Sculpture," by Grant Allen, that was charming; 

 yet therein I found this statement ; 



So far as 1 know, the Polynesians and manv other savages have not pro- 

 gressed beyond the full-face stage of human portraiture above described. 

 Next in rank comes the drawing of a profile, as we find it among the Eski- 

 mos and the bushmen. Our own children soon attain to this level, which 

 is one degree higher than that of the full face, as it implies a special point 



