ANNUAL ADDRESS OF THE PRESIDENT. XxXIX 
may also be derived from motion. In all other cases where a mode 
of motion is transmuted, it is but changed into another mode. It 
is therefore an inductive hypothesis that gravity, affinity, and mag- 
netism are also modes of motion. 
This hypothesis is reached by yet another inductive process. 
There is a vast multiplicity of properties which bodies present to 
the mind through touch, taste, smell, hearing, and sight—properties 
at first explained as occult. During the progress of scientific re- 
search, one after another of these properties has been resolved into 
motion, until at last two remain unexplained—rigidity and elasticity. 
By those who hold with most tenacity to older explanations of such 
phenomena, these two remaining properties are attributed to attrac- 
tion and repulsion; but those who have fallen into the current of 
modern thought believe that they can be explained as the results of 
the composed motion of the constituent parts of the bodies which 
exhibit them, together with molecular impact. That some such ex- 
planation will eventually be fully established is highly probable as 
an inductive hypothesis. 
When these various methods of induction are combined they 
lead to an hypothesis of the highest character,and we may reasonably 
expect that all forces will ultimately be resolved into motions. The 
term force will still be of value in science, to be used in each case as 
denoting the antecedent motion. 
Intimately related to the kinematic hypothesis is the hypothesis 
of an ether, which has also been reached by a variety of inductive 
methods, 7. e. from converging lines of research. In fact, the kine- 
matic hypothesis and the ethereal hypothesis are identical, the first 
being stated in terms of motion, the second in terms of matter. 
Intimately related to the ethereal hypothesis is the nebular hypo- 
thesis, also reached through a series of converging lines of induc- 
tion. 
Every fact that lends probability to one lends probability to all. 
Thus each strengthens the other. It must be understood that how- 
ever probable they may be, they are yet hypotheses, and for their 
complete demonstration the mode of action must be specifically 
pointed out in each case. 
The ethereal hypothesis furnishes the original homogeneous matter 
in motion from which the various aggregates have been segregated. 
The nebular hypothesis takes up this matter while it is yet in a 
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