GENERAL MEETING. 69 
Mr. T. Roprnson made a communication on 
THE STRATA EXPOSED IN THE EAST SHAFT OF THE WATER-WORKS 
EXTENSION. 
[ Abstract. ] 
The shaft (23’ square in the clear) was begun in the bottom of 
an old sand-pit at a level of 131.5’ above tide. This sand-pit was 
excavated in the side of a hill; and recent cuttings have exposed 
the strata from the hill-top to the level of the top of the shaft. 
Thus we have a vertical section of 188.5’, extending from 171.5’ 
above tide (or 40’ above the top of the shaft) to 17’ below tide. 
1. About 6” of surface soil. 
2. A layer of gravel in red clay, about 4’ thick, containing isolated 
bowlders from a foot to two feet in their longest diameters. 
3. About 24’ of a mixed material, consisting mainly of sand and 
kaolin. The two are sometimes uniformly mixed; at other 
times they lie in separate masses of two or three feet in 
thickness at one point, and run down to as many inches 
at another. In short, the whole bed is a sort of “ pell-mell” 
of sand and clay. 
4, A bed of sand, about 10’ thick, generally sharp and clean, but 
varying from coarse to fine grains, and streaked with iron 
oxides, with pebbles near bottom of stratum. 
5. A thin stratum of clay, about 2’ thick, varying in color from blue 
to red, and containing in spots fragments of lignite. 
6. 2.5’ of sharp, coarse, clean sand. 
7. 32.5’ of red clay, mottled with blue and gray, showing no lami- 
nation. — 
8. 5’ of sandy clay, mottled as above. Between this stratum and the 
clay above, there was no dividing line; the two beds blended 
gradually along their line of union. 
9. A bed of gray, clayey sand, 6’ thick. In this bed occurred, on 
one side of the shaft, some masses of sandstone, somewhat 
more ferruginous than the surrounding sand, and on the 
ofier side a tongue of clean, red clay. 
