300 REPORT—1905. 
notes will be included in a separate paper, now in preparation, on the 
geology of the district. 
The rock specimens that were collected have been handed over to the 
Petrological Department of the Geological Survey at the Jermyn Street 
Museum, where they will be preserved for reference. 
Ancient Stone Implements. —On the low ground bordering the Zambesi, 
just above Victoria Falls, I noticed many rudely chipped implements 
of chalcedony and agate, upon the low bosses of weathered basalt that rise 
slightly above the alluvial soil of the flat. These were usually associated 
with rounded pebble-like stones of like composition, that appear to be the 
relics of ancient river gravel, and some of the implements themselves 
showed signs of wear, as if by river action. I afterwards found similar 
implementiferous ground in patches along the crest of the gorge on both 
sides for several miles below the Falls, generally lying within the broad 
shallow depression which appears to represent the ancient high-level 
valley in which the Zambesi flowed before the Batoka Gorge was 
excavated. The implements are particularly abundant on the high flat 
spurs that lie between the zigzags of the gorge immediately below the 
Falls. A few were also found in parts of the country distant from the 
main river, but nowhere in such abundance or in the same worn condition 
as in the neighbourhood of the Zambesi above and below the Falls. 
I made a small collection of these implements, which was exhibited at 
the meeting in Johannesburg, and will be eventually handed over to the 
authorities of the British Museum. Other collections were subsequently 
made by members of the Association who visited the Falls, and attention 
has been drawn to the subject in short papers written by Col. H. W. 
Feilden! and Mr. J. P. Johnson.” 
Tf any of the implements found below the Falls have really reached 
their position when the Zambesi still flowed over their present sites, as 
seems probable, they must be of very considerable antiquity, and will 
deserve the careful attention of anthropologists. I have therefore em- 
bodied all the facts relating to these implements that came under my 
notice in a separate paper, which has been communicated to the Anthropo- 
logical Institute and will be published shortly. 
Recent Fresh-water Shells —Empty shells of fresh-water mollusca were 
plentiful on some of the dry flood-banks of the Zambesi and its tributaries, 
and in the beds of desiccated pools or vleys. Specimens of these were 
collected during my journey, though, as I was unable to find opportunity 
for obtaining the living molluscs, the shells are not usually in perfect 
condition, and also probably represent only the commoner forms. 
Mr. Edgar A. Smith, of the Natural History (South Kensington) 
Museum, very kindly undertook the determination of these shells, of 
which the following is a list, with the localities. 
A few conspicuous shells of land snails which were included in the 
collection were also determined by Mr. Smith: they prove to be all 
referable to Achatina immaculata, Lamarck, and Achatina Craveni, Smith. 
1 Nature, vol. lxxiii. Nov. 23, 1905, p. 77. 
2 Trans, Geot. Soe, S. Africa, vol. viii. (in the press). 
