TRANSACTIONS OF SECTION tf. 561 
formation, and showed that the epithelial cells of the villi and the liver cells are the 
structures concerned in thus dealing with the carbohydrate of the food-supply. 
By virtue of the metabolic power located in the cells carbohydrate becomes cons 
verted into fat, which shows itself as a visible accumulation in them. Thus, as 
regards the villi, the lymphocytes build carbohydrate in conjunction with peptone 
into proteid, and appear to have nothing to do with the construction of fat, whilst 
the epithelial cells are the agents concerned, not only in absorbing ready-formed fat, 
but also in forming fat from carbohydrate. 
Glycogen is another storage material. It may be regarded as holding an 
analogous position to fat, and to be produced by cleavage from proteid of super- 
fluous carbohydrate. It is more largely met with in the liver than elsewhere. 
Doubtless this arises from the liver receiving the food-supply carbohydrate which 
has escaped transformation into fat and assimilation into proteid in the villi, 
Examination of the portal blood shows that sugar passes into it when carbohydrate 
is largely present in the food, and it is well known that the liver glycogen is 
related in amount to the carbohydrate food-supply. As starch, cellulose, &c., are 
cleaved off and deposited in vegetable structures, so is glycogen cleaved off, when 
carbohydrate is redundant, in connection with animal structures. It is simply 
carbohydrate in excess of immediate requirement, and it is to be found in a 
multitude of situations, particularly where there is reduced activity. Yeast cells 
contain glycogen; and it has been noticed that when growing in a 1 per cent. 
solution of glucose there is only a small amount present, whilst when growing in 
a 20 per cent. solution there is much. 
It is known that under forced severe exercise glycogen disappears, not only 
from the muscles, but from the liver and its other seats of deposit. For transit 
from the liver to the muscles, where the consumption occurs, the circulatory system 
must be traversed, but no evidence is displayed by the urine of the passage of 
sugar. The view now entertained with regard to the linking on of molecules may 
be here brought to bear in the way it is applied to foodstuff molecules. Sugar 
from glycogen may be conveyed in combination in the manner that sugar from 
food, it may be taken, is done. 
3. Pathological and Therapeutical Aspects of Advenative. 
By Professor W. D. Hatuisurtoy, /.2.S. 
4. A Note on Specific Sera. By Dr. M. A. Rurrsr. 
5, Report on the State of Solution of Proteids.—See p. 222. 
6. Report on the Metabolism of the Tissues.—See p. 223. 
7. Interim Report on the Ductless Glands. 
1905, 00 
