31 



viz. Papilio hospiton, the " Corsican swallow-tail," the pupae of which 

 lie over. 



Simplonia is the mountain form of belia ; it approaches nearer to 

 var. ausonia, and is rather larger than the type. It occurs throughout 

 the Basses Alps, the Pyrenees, and most places in Switzerland at a 

 certain elevation. I have taken it in several localities from June to 

 August at about 4000 feet, but not commonly. 



E. tagis is quite a Spanish and Portuguese species. It closely 

 resembles belia, but is a trifle smaller. There is, however, a consider- 

 able difference in the under side of the hind wings. I am not aware 

 how far north into Spain and Portugal it occurs ; at all events, we find 

 north of the Pyrenees a smaller form known as var. belkzina. This 

 variety does not occur on the Riviera, as recorded by some authors, 

 and I have never taken it anywhere in France except on Les Dourbes, 

 near Digne, at about 3000 feet. This would almost point to the fact 

 that belkzina is a mountain form of E. tagis, as simplonia is of E. 

 belia. It would be interesting to know whether this variety represents 

 the species in the mountains south of the Pyrenees. 



Var. insularis of Staudinger is described as the Corsican and Sar- 

 dinian form of the butterfly. I fail, however, to see sufficient differ- 

 ence to separate it from bellezina. I have met with insularis on the 

 sea level in Corsica, which is rather against the mountain theory ; but 

 it must be borne in mind that nearly the whole of Corsica is more or 

 less mountainous. 



Euchloe cardamines is the most widely distributed species of the 

 genus. It occurs throughout Europe, Asia Minor, Syria, and extends 

 into Northern and Western Asia. It is also found up to a considerable 

 elevation in the Alps ; it is recorded from St. Moritz, in the Engadine, 

 at over 5000 feet, and I have taken it at Zermatt and several other 

 localities at a similar elevation. The English specimens differ, as you 

 all know, in having the discoidal spot on the margin of the orange 

 blotch, whereas in Continental specimens the orange spreads consider- 

 ably beyond it. A specimen I captured at Zermatt has the orange 

 very considerably suffused over the wing. 



A second brood of cardamines is occasionally recorded as occurring 

 in England. I find mentioned in the "Entomologist" for August, 1892, 

 the occurrence of several specimens being seen at Wisley, in Surrey ; 

 and aiiain on August 2nd of that year a male specimen was seen near 

 Thame, in Oxfordshire ; yet in the south of France, with all its 

 increased amount of heat, I am told a second brood is never seen. 

 Mr. Raine has bred the butterfly from a larva found on Biscu- 

 tella didyma. Euchlv'e gruneri and E. damone are Eastern species, 

 not being found farther west than Greece. Both are single-brooded. 

 Euchloe euphenoides, known in France as "la gloire de Provence," is 

 a southern and very beautiful species. I have taken it as far north as 

 Digne, although rather sparingly, and at Pont du Card, near Nimes ; 

 but it seems more plentiful on the Mediterranean coast — near Car- 

 queyranne, for instance. It is, however, an extremely local butterfly. 



