77 



not been in any way affected by being bred in the London 

 district. 



" The last two rows are from sixty-nine males and forty- 

 seven females, bred from eggs deposited by five females 

 received alive from Enniskillen May 23rd, 1898. The only 

 difference noticeable between these specimens, which 

 emerged July 12th to 16th, and the summer emergence of 

 Harefield parentage is the presence of a larger number of 

 grey scales in the former. This may result from their North 

 Irish origin, or from the excessively hot weather during their 

 pupal stage. Mr. Merrifield states, on the authority of 

 Fischer, in his paper printed in our "Transactions," that 

 the result of extreme heat applied in the pupal stage is the 

 same as extreme cold. One or two females may be said to 

 approach the var. bryonies, not only in being suffused with 

 grey scales, but in the ground-colour being of a decided 

 yellow tint. 



" The green veining of the under-side seems to have the 

 same range of variation - in both lots, but the yellow ground- 

 colour is very perceptibly brighter in the Irish than the 

 English specimens. 



" The subject of the seasonal variation of this species 

 seems to have received scant attention, even in standard 

 works. Mr. Barrett figures as typical a spring male, with- 

 out the black spot of the fore-wing, and a summer female. 

 What from the plate appears to be a spring female, he refers 

 to as "var. S. Wales," and another spring female which 

 might belong to the same brood, " var. N. Scotland." A 

 summer male and a rather " smudgy " summer female repre- 

 sent " N. Ireland." It appears from the letterpress that the 

 summer emergence has been called var. sabellicce, and is 

 reputed to occur in the earlier ( !) emergence. 



In the discussion which followed, Mr. Tutt said that he 

 had noticed considerable intensity of colour in this species 

 in the south of Europe. Mr. Carpenter said that he had a 

 larger number of ova of this species from the same source 

 as Mr. Montgomery, and that of the resulting pupae about 

 one half produced imagines in the summer and the remainder 

 were lying over the winter. He was anxious to see the 

 form which they would take when they emerged. Mr. 

 Tutt said that the pupae which go over the winter did so in 

 a very low condition of vitality, and the imaginal develop- 

 ment took place very late in the pupal life. Mr. Carrington 

 remarked how necessary it was in such experiments as 

 these that every resulting individual should be preserved and 



