iS 



C. J}'. ^[. P ox liter 



intelligence are the fallowing eases, all said to he of "average 

 intelligence"; one reporteil by Cherie-Ligniere (1911), a pigniy 

 woman, weight 508 grams; another by Wilder (tqio) of a man, 

 weight C180 grams; and the latter ([notes r>ischotY as reporting the 

 case of a man, weight 8jo grams. 



Several anthorities have attempted to show that brain weight 

 bears a relation to criminology, going on the assnmption that a 

 weight less than the average is a sign of low mentality. Riidinger 

 fonnd from a comparative stndy of delincpients that the average 

 weight was 1279 grams, while he considered the normal average 

 to be 1362 grams. On the contrary, llnschka, qnoted by Min- 

 gazzini. finds that the average weight for criminals is 125 grams 

 above normal. IMingazzini (i888(r') collected criminal brain 

 weights which may be compared with the above tables by the fol- 

 lowing- arrangement. 



T.VRLK OF Criminal Ukain Wkigiits, Arranged by Races 



Race 



Sex 



Weight. 



Observer. 



Dutoli Male. . 



French Male. . 



Italian Male. . 



Italian Male. . 



Italian Female. 



Italian Female . 



154S 

 1593 

 1346 

 1254 

 1178 

 1 146 



Bordior. 



Manouviicr. 



Tenchini. 



Mingazzini. 



Varaglia e Silva. 



Mingazzini. 



AJingazzini considered that statistics were so contradictory that 

 no definite conclusion could be drawn in regard to criminals. 



§ M. SURFACE MORPHOLOGY OF THE CEREBRUM 



The subject has been considered from so many different angles 

 that it is extremely difficult to embrace the whole in a general de- 

 scription. The variations in fissures and convolutions are so 

 numerous that all methods so far pursued have failed to establish 

 a type for race, sex. or degree of mental attainments. Harmoniz- 

 ing the ideas of the various investigators in regard to fissure com- 

 ponents has proven a great task ; for some have worked from the 

 embryological standpoint, while others have looked to the lower 

 orders of primates for the primitive types. Indeed, there are so 



5O- 



