A Study of Cerebral Anthropology 31 



worth) have led to the conchision that it might be looked upon as 

 an indication of high brain development ; but the question has 

 received too little attention for us to form any conclusions. 



The Sulcus Frontalis Superior: The sulcus frontalis superior 

 has been fully described by Eberstaller. It may appear as a con- 

 tinuous fissure independent of connections ; or it may be con- 

 nected at one or both ends with other fissures ; or it may be 

 broken up into two, three, four or five segments. Reported 

 observations seem to show a frequent confluence anteriorly with 

 some other fissure, usually the sulcus frontalis medialis (Eber- 

 staller 44 per cent.). Confluence with the sulcus centralis, Gian- 

 nelli (1907) seems to think very rare and reports one case. It is 

 a little difficult to analyze accurately the literature on this subject, 

 for some of the cases reported as interruption of the praecentral 

 gyrus may belong in this class. Giacomini (1884) observed the 

 praecentral convolution interrupted 23 times, Saporito (1898) 12 

 times, and Sergi once in a Javanese. Foville thinks that such 

 interruption is an indication of inferiority but Giacomini is not in 

 accord with this opinion. 



The Sulcus Frontalis Medius: This sulcus was seen by Herve, 

 but named by Eberstaller, who considered it a very important 

 sulcus. Cunningham found it very variable, consequently of no 

 great morphological value. The work of Retzius agrees with 

 Cunningham as to variability. He finds it entirely absent in 2 

 per cent. It is often represented by two or three segments, and 

 the anterior segment or end is usually connected with the sulcus 

 fronto-marginalis (Retzius 76 per cent.). It may be a part of 

 this fissure complex (Cunningham). 



The Sulcus Frontalis Inferior: This sulcus is made up of three 

 elements (Eberstaller), and shows great variations of arrange- 

 ment and connections. It is most frequently in two parts (Cun- 

 ningham 66 per cent., Retzius 24 per cent.), and is in connection 

 with the sulcus diagonalis in 47 per cent, of cases, according to 

 Retzius. The sulcus diagonalis already referred to was first 

 described by Eberstaller. It is generally present, and, aside from 

 the variations of connections already referred to, it shows some 

 variability of position and direction on the operculum. 



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