. 
48 REPORT—1904. 
12. Russia. 
In Russia and Siberia there are seven stations of the first order at 
which teleseismic and other shocks are recorded, and ten or twelve stations 
of the second order. ‘Teleseismic records and special papers are published 
by the ‘Commission Centrale Sismique Permanente.’ Some of the 
stations, like Tiflis, Taschkent, and Irkutsk, also publish their records 
separately. 
13. Servia. 
Servia has a station in Belgrade. 
14. Switzerland. 
2 7 i } «© © © _ = 
In 1880 F. A. Forrel and Heim arranged an organisation to collect 
records relating to shocks originating in Switzerland. These are published 
by the Meteorological Bureau. 
15. United States of North America. 
The Department of the Interior, in the monthly bulletin of the 
Philippine Weather Bureau, publish a list of teleseisms recorded in 
Manila, anda list of earthquakes recorded in the Philippines. 
In California there are about twenty stations furnished with apparatus 
to record local disturbances. Lists are published in the Bulletin of the 
U.S. Geological Survey. 
VIL. Directions in which Seismological Work may be extended. 
From the preceding section it may be inferred that at the present 
time there are about eighty stations at which teleseismic disturbances are 
recorded, and that nearly half of these are in Central Europe. 
To obtain a fairly even distribution of stations over the surface of the 
world about twenty-three more places of observation are required. A 
possible distribution for these is as follows :— 
Alaska, 1; U.S.A., Central Canada, Newfoundland, and Central 
America, 7 ; South America, 3 ; Iceland, 1; N. Norway, 1; Africa and 
Aden, 3 ; China, 2 ; the East Indies and the South Pacific, 5. 
A more immediate requirement is, however, the establishment in and 
near to districts from which world-shaking earthquakes originate of sets 
of ordinary seismographs, together with the co-operation of observers 
provided with good time-keepers, or even fairly good watches. In dis- 
tricts remote from telegraphs or observatories these may be rated by sun 
observations. A simple method of making such an observation sometimes 
employed at Shide and Cassamiccola is as follows. In a brick wall 
facing south a hole has been made which on the outside is covered by two 
pieces of sheet iron brought together to leave a vertical slit about 5 mm 
(; in.) in width and 40 cm. (16 in.) in height. The sun passing before 
this slit throws an image of the same upon the opposite wall 14 feet dis- 
tant. On this wall opposite the slit and in a north-south plane with the 
same there is a vertical line. When the image reaches this, the sun is 
due south at an observed time. To the time when this occurs the equation 
of time is added or subtracted and local mean noon is obtained within 
about one second. 
The object of these time observations, which may be made quite well 
with an ordinary watch, is to obtain the time of arrival of earth move- 
ment at various points round an epicentre, from which may be calculated 
