ANTHROPOMETRIC INVESTIGATION IN GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. 39393 
the Bureau were to be confined to school children, the matter would be 
easy enough. All that would be necessary would be that one teacher in 
each school (or, in the case of schools where there are boys and girls, a 
male and a female teacher) should be instructed in the methods and made 
responsible to return at stated periods the cards which they have filled up. 
Such a limited conception of the functions of the Bureau, however, 
could not be entertained. If the full measure of good is to be obtained, 
and if precise information is to be attained regarding the national physique 
and its tendencies, it will certainly be necessary to measure and test large 
samples of the adult people of defined districts every ten years or so. 
This renders it essential that a staff of surveyors or measurers should be 
maintained. It is needless to conceal the fact that in all probability it 
will not be easy to induce the people of all classes to submit to the 
investigation. In the work which was carried out in Ireland this was a 
constant source of trouble, and in many cases, even with the assistance of 
the parish priest, it was only possible to obtain a comparatively small 
number of observations. Still, were the Bureau established and the 
Government thereby to indicate its interest in the work, the investigation 
(in England and Scotland at least) would be placed upon a more favour- 
able footing. Further, the operations in the schools would familiarise the 
people with the methods, while the example shown by the better-educated 
classes would conduce to remove prejudice on this matter. 
One point would certainly require to be attended to, viz., that an 
equal number of male and female surveyors be appointed, so that both in 
schools and in the adult survey each sex might be measured by surveyors 
of a corresponding sex. 
I am afraid to hazard an opinion upon the number of surveyors that 
would be required. Probably thirty would be sufficient for the three 
countries. 
The following memorandum on the statistical aspect of the scheme for 
an Anthropometric Survey of the United Kingdom has been drawn up 
by the secretary (Mr. J. Gray). 
The following table shows the statistics of population, schools, and 
scholars in the United Kingdom : 
Population No. of Schools No. on Scholars per 
(1901). | (Primary). _ Register. /L00Population. 
England. : : . 32,527,843 | 20,153 5,881,278 18 
Scotland . 5 A . 4,472,103 3,145 768,598 17:2 
Ireland . 5 . . 4,458,775 8,712 737,086 16°5 
41,458,721 | 32,010 7,386,962 | M.17:2 
For the purposes of the Survey the United Kingdom would be divided 
into 400 districts, each containing on an average 100,000 persons. In 
thinly populated rural districts the number may be smaller, and in large 
towns the number may be greater. 
In each of these districts 18,500 persons are in the primary schools, 
and 81,500 are adults or very young children. Let us say 80,000 adults 
are available for measurement in each district. 
Let us suppose that a sample of 2,000 adults is measured in each 
district ; the total number of adults to be measured will be 400 x 2,000 
=800,000. 
