TRANSACTIONS OF SECTION A. 485 
Northampton drier than Huntingdon; in May, when Norfolk and Suffolk are the 
driest; in June, when Suffolk is the driest and Norfolk and Northampton are 
drier than Bedford and Cambridge ; in July, when several counties are drier than 
Huntingdon, and Suffolk and Leicester drier than Cambridge; in August, when 
Northampton and Suffolk are drier than Huntingdon and Cambridge; and in 
September, when Northampton is drier than Huntingdon. 
Shropshire is the wettest county, except in June, when Stafford is the wettest, 
and in July and September, when several counties are wetter. 
Particulars of the stations, with the mean and extreme annual rainfall at each, 
are given with the complete paper, and also a map showing the position of the 
stations and their height above mean sea-level. 
13. The Rainfall of England, 1861-1900. 
By Joun Horxinson, Vice-Pres. R.Met.Soc., Assoc. Inst.C.L. 
The rainfall of the English counties has been dealt with in a series of 
papers read before the Association, each treating of a group of counties: the 
South-Western at the Bristol meeting in 1898, the South-Eastern at the Dover 
meeting in 1899, the Northern at the Bradford meeting in 1900, and the Midland 
at the present meeting. It now remains to summarise the general results and to 
extend the period, so far as annual rainfall is concerned, to the end of the nine- 
teenth century. 
The following table gives the monthly rainfall of each group of counties and 
of the whole of England for the ten years 1881-1890 :— 
Taste I.—Mean Monthly Rainfall in England, 1881-90. (288 Stations.) 
| | | ] | ] ) 
Counties | Jan, Feb. Mar. | Apr. May | June) July | Aug. Sept. | Oct. Nov.| Dec. | 
| | | | | 
me. | | 
Ins. | Ins. | Ins Ins. Ins. | Ins. | Ins.» | Ins. | Ins. Ins. | Ins. | Ins. | 
Northern, . . 3804 | 2°32 | 2°82 | 2:15 | 2°50 | 2:27 | 3°60 3°19 | 3°14 | 3°72 | 3°72 | 3:09 
Midland A . | 189 | 168 |.1°78 | 1:76 | 2°10 | 2°03 | 2°70 | 3:34 | 2°46 | 2:94 | 271 | 2°08 
South-Eastern «| 214 | 1:91 | 184 | 1:77 | 1:97 | 1°86 | 2°50 | 2:07 | 2°37 | 297 | 3:06 | 2°24 
South-Western . 3°06 | 2°63 | 2°49 | 2°30 | 2°31 | 2°33 | 3°12 | 2°66 | 2°88 | 3°59 | 410° | 3:32 
ere oan Wess aaa 
England . | 262 | 218 | 2°31 | 203 | 225 | a14 | 3:05 | 2-63 | 277 | 3:37 | 347 | 276 
It will be seen that the Northern and South-Western counties have muck 
more rain throughout the year than the Midland and South-Hastern. In each 
month from January to July the Northern and South-Western counties alternate 
in being the wettest; from July to October the Northern are the wettest; and in 
November and December the South-Western. From January to April the 
Midland counties are the driest; from May to September the South-Kastern are 
the driest ; and from October to December the Midland. In spring and summer 
the Northern counties are wetter than the South-Western ; in autumn and winter 
there is very little difference between them. In summer the South-Eastern 
counties are drier than the Midland; in winter the Midland are drier than the 
South-Eastern ; in spring and autumn they are about the same. io 
These results are from the records of 288 stations, and the annual means are: 
Northern counties (94 stations), 35°56 inches ; Midland (52), 26°47 inches ; South- 
Eastern (70), 26°72 inches ; South-Western (72), 34°79 inches. The annual means 
computed for 502 stations, one station to every 100 square miles in each county, 
for the same period, are: Northern counties (184 stations), 36°16 inches; MidJand 
(106), 26:29 inches ; South-Eastern (99), 26-80 inches; South-Western (113), 34:08 
inches. The mean fall for the whole of England, computed for the 288 stations, is 
31:59 inches, and for the 502 stations 31:76 inches. These results are sufficiently 
