566 REPORT—1904, 
i. The Glacial Deposits of the Don System. 
These are fragmentary and scattered, and probably but relics of considerable 
deposits of drift. here are two considerable areas covered with true boulder clay 
in this district—one at Staincross, Carlton, and Royston, near Barnsley, and the 
other at Balby, near Doncaster—each filling a small valley which, since the Glacial 
Period, has been slightly removed from the line of direct drainage, and hence has 
escaped denudation. 
The Staincross boulder clay, as described in the ‘Memoir on the Yorkshire 
Coal Field, consists of two beds of stiff unstratified till, separated by a thin 
seam of warp and sand, the lower containing only boulders of Carboniferous sand- 
stone and limestone, chert, and a blue, close-grained trap. The upper bed is more 
sandy, and on the surface have been found many erratics, including a large shap 
granite (25 cwt.), Armboth felsite, Threlkeld quartz porphyry, andesitic ash, 
rhyolite, &c. These beds fill a hollow cut out of the Woolley Edge Rock; the 
junction is much shattered and smashed, and large blocks of the sandstone are 
embedded in the clay. The Yorkshire Boulder Committee report that the country 
to the north and east of this patch is covered with erratics, and similar boulder 
clays are found at Burton Grange, near Barnsley, and at Ardsley, on the opposite 
side of the river Dearne. Mr, Walter Hemingway, of Barnsley, has recently 
traced two tongues of this drift into the valley of the Dearne, and has recorded a 
section of contorted shale with pockets of erratics from the excavation for the 
Barnsley gasometer. 
The Balby boulder clay occupies an area of about five acres in extent. It 
occupies part of a small valley in the Magnesian Limestone, which previously was 
filled with Bunter sandstone. In three large pits a magnificent section of 40 feet 
of stiff till is shown which has yielded many erratics, including a shap granite 
(2 cwt.), andesites and andesitic breccias, Eskdale granite, St. John’s Vale quartz 
porphyry, Carboniferous limestone, chert, Millstone grit, &c. The Bunter sand- 
stone on which this till is seen to rest has been scooped out to form a clean, level 
floor, without any sand or gravel intervening under the clay. In the excavations 
for the workhouse a section of this till showed masses of Bunter sandstone torn off 
and embedded in the till. 
About halfway along the arc joining Staincross and Balby is another patch 
of boulder clay at Adwick-on-Dearne, containing Carboniferous sandstone, 
quartzite, felstone, and encrinital chert. Close to this patch was found a 
third boulder of shap granite (15 cwt.). Contiguous to this zone are several 
patches of gravel containing Carboniferous sandstone with quartzite and chert, and 
a boulder of ganister (of Leeds type) lies on the summit of Wombwell Hill. 
Beyond and to the south of this zone are several scattered patches of drift. At 
Barbot Hall, about one mile north of Rotherham, is a little hill covered with clay 
containing pebbles of quartz, sandstone, Carboniferous limestone, and Oolitic rocks. 
At Masbrough sand and gravel are found containing pebbles of Carboniferous 
sandstone and quartz rock, and at Sitwell Vale, one and a quarter mile south of 
Rotherham, is a clay with pebbles and boulders of Carboniferous sandstone. 
Near Hooton Roberts are three or four patches of gravel containing Carboniferous 
sandstone, with quartz, quartzite, and black chert. 
At the western entrance of the gorge of the Don, at Conisborough, a bed of 
boulder clay (about 15 feet thick) is shown at the Ashfield Brick Works (225 feet 
above O.D.), including Lake Country andesites, Carboniferous limestone, 
a talcose schist with garnets, and other rocks, About the same level, on the 
opposite side of the gorge, at Cadeby, is a patch of drift with Carboniferous lime- 
stone blocks. Mr. H. H. Corbett, of Doncaster, has also kindly told me of a section 
of boulder clay recently exposed in the valley between the railway station and 
Oonisborough Castle. At Sprotborough and Cusworth, on the north side of the 
gorge of the Don, are patches of drifted sand and pebbles, and from the fields 
have been ploughed up small boulders of diorite, basalt, mountain limestone, 
ganister, and quartz porphyry. At Hexthorpe Flats, near Doncaster, striated 
Carboniferous limestone with encrinites has been found, and between Hexthorpe 
