700 REPORT—1904. 
work of this ingenious and versatile scientist. I have made no attempt to touch 
upon his archeological researches, since it has been necessary for me to restrict 
myself to a portion only of his scientific work. In this field, as in his ethno- 
logical work, his keen insight, ingenuity, and versatility were manifested, while 
the close attention which he bestowed upon matters of minute detail have 
rendered classical his work as a field archeologist. While the greater part of his 
ethnological work is associated with the name Lane Fox, by which he was known 
until 1880, most of his researches into the remains of prehistoric times were con- 
ducted after he had in that year assumed the name of Pitt-Rivers, on inheriting 
an important estate which, by the happiest of coincidences, included within its 
boundaries a considerable number of prehistoric sites of the highest importance. 
That he made full use of his opportunities is amply manifested in his published 
works. In his archzological work are repeated the characteristics of his ethno- 
logical researches, and one may with confidence say of his contributions to both 
fields of inquiry that, if he advanced science greatly through his results he 
furthered its progress even more through his methods. By his actual achieve- 
ments as a researcher he pushed forward the base of operations; by his carefully- 
thought-out systems for directing research he developed a sound strategical policy 
upon which to base further organised attacks upon the Unknown. 
The following Papers were read :— 
1. The Evolution of the Lotus Ornament. By Professor Oscar MonreE tus. 
In Egypt the lotus has been represented from the earliest times as a real 
flower, often together with buds and leaves, or as an ornamental pattern. The lotus 
is drawn as well in the realistic form as in a conventional shape. The flower, 
figured in the more realistic way, shows numerous petals, which are pointed. ‘he 
petals in the conventional flowers are rounded; often the number of the petals 
(sepals) is only three. The lotus is often combined with spirals. This occurs 
especially in the eighteenth dynasty. Not rarely two or more conventionally 
drawn flowers are placed one upon the other. Many Egyptian ornaments are 
formed by alternating natural and conventional lotus-flowers or by alternating 
lotus-flowers and lotus-buds. 
In Assyria, where the lotus-ornaments are later than in Egypt, we find also 
both the realistic and the conventional lotus. The latter is generally called 
‘palmette.’ In Assyria, as in Persia, the ornaments are often formed by alter- 
nating realistic and conventional lotus-flowers or by alternating lotus-flowers and 
lotus-buds, 
Similar ornaments are also common in Cyprus and on the isles off the western 
coast of Asia Minor. In Cyprus, as in Pheenicia, the conventional lotus often has 
a peculiar form (‘the Pheenician’ or ‘ Cypriote palmette’). 
In Greece the lotus occurs already in the Mycenzean time, but it becomes 
common there only in the first millennium B.c. There, as in the Orient, we find 
the lotus in combination with spirals, the realistic and the conventional lotus 
alternating (‘lotus and palmette’), as well as the lotus-flower in alternation with 
the lotus-bud. 
Many capitals of Egyptian columns have the shape of a lotus-flower. Similar 
capitals occur also in Asia Minor, where they gradually get the form known as the 
‘ Ionian capital.’ 
2. Note on the Entomology of Scarabs. 
By Professor W. M. Fuinpers Perriz, D.C.L., LL.D., PRS. 
