1897 ] THE PHALLOIDEA: OF THE UNITED STATES 81 
stipe when elongation was completed. From this he concludes 
that elongation of the receptaculum is the result of true growth 
of the pseudoparenchyma, water being used in the process as it 
is in other growth. 
While Errera’s treatment of this problem is very suggestive 
and his explanation very probable, so also is that by simple 
absorption of water. It has seemed to me that if it can be shown 
that there is a decidedly general increase in size of the cells of 
pseudoparenchyma during elongation, the growth theory will be 
the truer one. If, however, the increase is confined to the pseu- 
doparenchyma in the angles of the folds, the theory of tur- 
gescence must be the more correct. 
The necessary data for the determination of this point have 
been obtained by the microscopic measurement of the individual 
cells of pseudoparenchyma making up the wall in various parts 
of the stipe. Eggs just beginning elongation or plants partially 
elongated were divided longitudinally into halves. Thin radial 
longitudinal sections were then cut free-hand with a razor from 
the wall of the stipe of one of the halves. After placing the 
sections ina drop of water, the measurements were immediately 
noted of the individual cells in a strip extending across the par- 
tition wall. 
The part of the receptaculum called the stipe or stem in 
these plants is a hollow cylindrical body with a wall of cham- 
bered structure. The chambers are separated from one another 
by pseudoparenchymatous partition walls 150-300 thick. Meas- 
urements were taken of the pseudoparenchyma in longitudinal 
partition walls next to the main central cavity of the stipe, at the 
outer surface of the stipe, between the chambers in the interior 
of the stipe-wall, at the angles of the folds and at points midway 
between the angles, and also in transverse partition walls. 
The other half of the egg, or partially elongated plant, was 
kept in the supporting apparatus in a moist atmosphere until the 
completion of the elongation. Longitudinal radial sections of 
the stipe-wall were cut, and the pseudoparenchyma then meas- 
ured at points in the partition walls corresponding to the points 
