174 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [SEPTEMBER 
macee are separate orders radiating from the present order 
Coronariez, and that the Hydrales constitute a diverging order 
from the base of the Epigyne. The distribution (but not nec- 
essarily the exact sequence) of families among the orders may 
be indicated as follows: 
ORDER APOCARP#. 
Families: Alismacez, Triuridee, Naiadacez. 
ORDER CORONARIE, 
Families: Stemonacee, Liliaceze, Pontederiacexw, Philydracez, Xyrida- 
cee, Mayacez, Commelinacee, Rapateacee. 
ORDER NUDIFLORA. 
Families: Pandanacee, Cyclanthaceee, Typhacee, Aroidee, Lemnacee. 
ORDER CALYCIN#., 
Families: Flagellariacez, Juncacez, Palmacez. 
ORDER GLUMACES. 
Families: Eriocaulacee, Centrolepidiacee, Restiacez, Cyperacex, 
Graminee. 
ORDER HYDRALES. 
Family: Hydrocharitacee. 
_ ORDER EPIGYN#. 
Families: Dioscoreacee, Taccacee, Amaryllidacee, Iridacez, Hemo- 
doracez, Bromeliacez, Scitaminez. 
ORDER MICROSPERM. 
Families: Burmanniacez, Orchidacee. 
The choripetalous and gamopetalous dicotyledons are 
divided by Bentham and Hooker into six ‘‘series,” one of which, 
the Disciflore, should be broken up and its families distributed 
elsewhere. The remaining ‘‘series,” which appear to have the 
rank of orders, form two somewhat diverging genetic lines or 
phyla, each beginning with apocarpous, hypogynous, choripetal- 
ous plants, and both attaining syncarpy and gamopetaly, one 
remaining hypogynous, the other becoming epigynous. An 
attempt has been made to distribute all the apetalous plants, 
these having been assigned places in the lower two orders. 
