130 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [ AUGUST 
missuralis Remy, which, being one of the Euchorizanthes of 
California, occurs in Chili without noticeable variation. All of 
these species are fitted especially for distribution by cattle or 
sheep; but by whatever means they have come to Chili, it is 
safe to infer (1) that they are Californian, and (2) that this 
distribution has occurred in very recent times. ; 
But comparing Chorizanthopsis with Euchorizanthe, the case 
is fundamentally different. Any intimate connection between 
these sections must be referred to an age long past. This is 
shown by the totally different methods by which they have 
adapted themselves to xerophytic conditions. The Californian 
species are all short-lived annuals, adapted for growing in the 
very driest places. The whole time of growth, flowering, and 
maturing seed lasts but a few weeks. With the approach of 
rainless parching weather their work is completed. 
Of the Chilian species, all are shrubby, and often in sandy 
places form dense patches as a means of mutual protection. 
They are wholly different in habit from the Californian species, 
and are the one exception in Polygonacex- Eriogonee where 
stipules are produced. This section would appear to be an 
offshoot from Euchorizanthe, as Oxytheca and Eriogonum are, 
although the change is not, as in those, within the involucre, but 
in the vegetative structure. In its shrubbiness Eriogonum is 
very similar to subgenus Chorizanthopsis. The same circum- 
stances which witnessed the rise and spread of Eriogonum over 
western North America may have witnessed also a more general 
distribution of the group into the southern hemisphere, of which 
the Chilian Chorizanthes are the remnant. 
It is interesting to note in connection with this group that 
several genera which have special devices for distribution are 
narrowly endemic. Pterostegia and Harfordia have the bracts 
developed into bladder-like structure, for wind distribution; 
Centrostegia has wing-like, spurred involucral bracts; Nema 
caulis and Hollisteria have woolly involucral bracts and 
perianth ; while Phyllogonum has neither bracts nor involucre. 
All of these are limited to southern California and adjacent 
