180 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [SEPTEMBER 
It may be noted here that the leaves generally formed ten to 
fifteen buds, but only two or three of these continued their devel- 
opment to any considerable size. It has been already noted, that 
leaves in which the bud production was prevented by darkness, 
produced protonemata from the apical portion of the rhizoids 
when subjected to light. In case, however, the normal produc- 
tion of buds direct from the leaf-was allowed to be carried out, 
the rhizoids did not produce any protonemata, and ceased 
growth soon after the new plants had been formed. 
2. FUNARIA HYGROMETRICA. 
The production of protonemata by the leaves of Funaria has 
already been mentioned in the references to the researches of 
Schimper, Goebel, and Klebs. Goebel states that he obtained 
protonemata in great abundance from Funaria leaves, but my 
experiments do not show the leaves to be endowed with a very 
great power of regeneration. The plants used were taken from 
the greenhouse and were apparently in vigorous condition. Cul- 
tures of leaves were made in the same way as for Mnium, and 
placed in both light and dark. On an average of about one out 
of every six leaves showed signs of protonemata. In all the 
cases noted in the first series of experiments, the growth was 
entirely from the cells of the base and only from those which. 
had been directly attached to the stem. The cultures which 
were grown in the dark showed growths of a decided protone- 
mal nature, the cell walls colorless, the cross walls generally a 
little inclined and cells filled with bodies irregular in outline, 
and without any green color. The filaments remained long and 
almost unbranched, and reached a length of about 1°. Several 
cells of a filament grown in the dark are shown in fig. g for com- 
parison with those grown under normal illumination. 
In one or two cases the leaves produced structures which 
were more rhizoidal in nature, and these in the cultures both in 
the light and in darkness. In all of the cultures no buds 
were produced in the dark, while under normal illumination 
they appeared after ten days to two weeks. The protonema 
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