1898 | REGENERATION AS EXHIBITED BY MOSSES 181 
very soon after its origin from the leaf, often gave rise to a bud 
as a lateral branch, and numerous cases were observed in which 
this bud formation occurred from the second protonemal cell. 
This is illustrated in fig. 8. 
In two cases out of all the experiments which I carried out, 
I found a protonema production from other than the basal 
cells, so it would seem that the cells of the basal portion of the 
leaf are more inclined to produce protonemata than those from 
other parts. In the preparation of the cultures the leaves were 
stripped from the stem with a pair of forceps, and occasionally 
portions of the stem were torn away with them. A very abun- 
dant production of protonemata occurred from these portions of 
the stem. In order to show whether the power of regeneration 
was localized more in the basal cells of the leaf, a series of cul- 
tures was made in which the entire basal portion of the leaves 
was cut away. These cultures were kept for six weeks, and at 
the end of that time no formation of protonemata had occurred. 
That the power of protonema production is not confined entirely 
to the basal cells is shown by the two cases already mentioned 
where protonemata were produced from the region of the tip. 
Hence, the experiments only show that the leaf cells adjacent 
to the stem produce protonemata more readily. 
Whole plants brought under exactly the same conditions as 
the detached leaves did not produce any protonemata from the 
leaves, and again plants with the leaves cut away at the tip 
showed no signs of protonema production. From the experi- 
ments it must be concluded that the complete separation of the 
leaves from the stem is necessary in order to call forth the 
formation of protonemata. 
The experiments with the leaves which had portions of the 
stem torn away with them showed the stem cells to have a 
remarkable power of protonema production. A series of cultures 
was made in which the leaves were entirely stripped from the 
stems and the stems cultivated in both light and dark. The 
stems produced new shoots as lateral branches with remarkable 
rapidity. After a lapse of only three days the new shoots had 
