1898] REGENERATION AS EXHIBITED BY MOSSES 187 
able to grow out into rhizo-protonemata by the continued growth 
of the distal cell. This occurred, however, only when they 
remained in connection with the stem, all attempts at cultivating 
the detached paraphyses being to no avail. The stems produced 
rhizoids quite abundantly, both in light and darkness, and the 
production was not confined to any particular portion of the stem. 
From the rhizoids an abundance of buds was formed as lateral 
branches, and ina light intensity which was not sufficient to pro- 
duce vigorous protonemata. New shoots were produced by the 
stems as lateral branches the same as in Funaria. These 
appeared without any distinct localization of the point of origin, 
coming now from near the tip and now near the base of the 
stem. The production of protonemata was due mostly to defolia- 
tion of the stem, since only in rare cases was a protonema pro- 
duction noted from the whole plants which were kept in the 
same conditions as the defoliated stems. Rhizoid production 
was quite abundant from the whole plants, but the growth in 
general was more abundant from the defoliated stems. The pro- 
duction of new shoots was not called forth by the defoliation of 
the stems, but was only accelerated thereby, since whole plants 
also formed lateral axillary branches, a mode of growth which is 
often resorted to in nature, the new branches afterwards becom- 
ing separated from the parent plant. The whole and defoliated 
stems, when buried under 3™™ of earth and kept moist, also gave 
rise to lateral branches, which grew in the normal way, and by 
rapid growth soon appeared above the soil, the same as in 
Funaria. The importance of this power of regeneration in 
nature has already been emphasized in the case of Funaria. 
The statements in regard to the elongated growth of the new 
shoots in the dark, with the development of reduced leaves, and 
the well-marked negative geotropism and positive heliotropism, 
hold good here as well as for Funaria. 
4. BRYUM ARGENTEUM. 
The manner of regeneration from the leaves of B. argenteum 
is so similar to that already described for B. capillare, that a 
