1898 CURRENT LITERATURE ai 
9 
Mr. Ashe’s share of the bulletin is a careful description of the forest 
regions of the state, in which he makes the reader familiar with the practical 
aspects of his subject, dealing especially with the present condition of the 
great pine region, and the results of injudicious cutting, turpentine orchard- 
ing, pasturing, and fire 
he bulletin is not only of permanent value for the facts it contains, but 
is rich in suggestion, for the reader can hardly fail to approach a study of the 
forest problem in a more rational way after he has read these notable articles. 
— CHARLES A. KEFFER. 
NOTES FOR STUDENTS. 
Mr. WALTER HouGu® discusses ‘‘ The environmental interrelations in 
Arizona”’ from the standpoint of an ethno-botanist. From this point of view, 
of course, the “interrelations” are chiefly those existing between the Arizona 
flora and the tribes of Arizona Indians, such as the Hopi, the ivioki, and the 
Tufii Indians. But Mr. Hough discusses in some detail the extremely xero- 
phytic nature of the Arizona flora, analyzing, not very technically, its ecolog- 
ical features, showing that the flora of which the Indians could make use was 
a meager one, of extreme type and embracing some 160 indigenous species, 
nearly every one of which has been brought into use as a food or forage 
plant, as medicinal, in folk lore and religion, in domestic or other usage. 
Probably no other flora is so rich in descriptive folk names, and this fact 
bespeaks the very close “ interrelations” existing. Among the Hopi Indians 
lore, and religion, and it seems that the use of plants for food, house-build- 
ing, and such practical purposes is of less importance. In this arid region 
tribe and flora are brought into very close relation, both being dependent 
upon the same meager water supply; and the very characters selected by 
plants as protective against the rigors of environment are often those most 
useful to the tribes in furnishing medicines or charms of real or inferential 
value. 
A valuable part of Mr. Hough’s contribution is the complete list of 
species, including about 173 species, with the descriptive names given by the 
Hopi Indians, and the eo each species plays in relation to the tribe.— W. 
L. Bray. 
THREE CASES of abnormal development of the inferior ovary in species 
of Opuntia are described and illustrated with colored plates by Dr. Ramirez, 
of Mexico.? In the first a fruit, ttherwise normal, appears as the terminal 
* Amer. Anthropologist 11 : 133-155. 1898. 
7 Tres monstruosidades en ovarios inferos. Annales del Instituto Medico Nacio- 
nal 3: 223-227. [Lam. V-VI]] Ja., F. 1898. 
