1898 ] EASTERN ACAULESCENT VIOLETS 337 
ably is better regarded as a species, although the strange habitat, 
which is invariably rich, cultivated ground in the close vicinity 
of dwellings, suggests that it originated as a cultivated variety. 
The range should have included the District of Columbia, for it 
is not uncommon here in congenial situations. Mr. Bicknell did 
not call attention to a very conspicuous peculiarity of the cleisto- 
genes, namely, the tendency to bury themselves deep in the 
ground instead of remaining close to the surface. The leaves 
attain enormous proportions, frequently attaining a breadth of 
eight inches. 
VIOLA CUSPIDATA Greene, Pitt. 3: 314. 1898. 
I have seen only young flowering specimens of this plant in 
cultivation at the Catholic University. Professor Greene con- 
siders it allied to palmata, but aside from the pubescence, the 
characters are those of the Communes. It is a native of the 
Lake region and of Canada. 
Viova osrigua Hill, Hort. Kew. 316. pi. 72. 1769. Not of 
Aiton nor of Pursh. 
In assigning Hill’s name and figure to a certain slender plant 
of wet rills and shaded rocks, with glabrous foliage, narrowly 
ovate, cordate and acute leaves, I believe we can be certain both 
of matching the type and finding ourselves in general agreement 
with the botanists of the early part of this century. It is fully 
as likely that this little plant may have been discovered by some 
collector and sent to Kew as the hedgerow species which I have 
called communis, especially since the latter does not properly . 
agree with Hill’s figure. : 
VioLa cucutxata Ait., Hort. Kew. 3:288. 1789. 
Professor Greene was the first (o separate this species from 
the commuuts-obliqua aggregate, and additional observations 
_have amply justified his conclusions. Dr. Britton has included 
the plant in the appendix to the //ustrated Flora, and there seems 
