352 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [NOVEMBER 
and spread apart and the radicle grows out. The petioles of the 
cotyledons elongate and carry the plumule out. In Quercus germina- 
tion takes place as in Castanea. 
In the seedling of Fagus the root does not become greatly thick- 
ened as in the Juglandacez, but secondary thickening soon occurs. 
The cotyledons expand and become green but drop off soon after the 
first leaves expand. The stem and leaves are hairy; the first leaves are 
of the same form as the mature ones. In Castanea the root soon 
thickens and has longitudinal fissures extending down to the endo- 
dermis. The stem bears several scales, two to six, below the leaves, 
and the first leaves are of the same form as the mature ones and bear 
deciduous stipules. In Quercus the seedlings resemble those of 
Castanea, but there are often more scales on the stem, the uppermost 
_ of which bear stipules. The leaves in Quercus velutina, Q. platanoides, 
- and Q. macrocarpa are all serrate and much alike, but the older leaves 
become more like the maturé ones, but are not deeply lobed or cut. 
- The stem and leaves are pubescent. 
Conciusions. The cotyledons in Juglans and Hicoria socal 
with the valves of the nut and are deeply two-lobed. The two divi- - 
sions of the embryo resembling cotyledons are each made up of halves 
of the cotyledons. 
The seeds of Hicoria germinate without frost action; those of 
Juglans only with frost action. 
The tap root is very thick in young seedlings, and very long ” 
older ones. 
In Castanea and Quercus the shell is split in germination by a 
_ Swelling of the cotyledons. 
In the species of Quercus studied, the leaves of the scodaT were 
much alike and not deeply cut or lobed. 
Fagus is the only one in which the hypocotyl lengthens, or - the » 
cotyledons become aerial.— W. W. RowLee and Grorce T. HAsTINGs, 8 
Cornell University. 
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XXIX. 
Fics. 1-3. Cotyledons of Juglans cinerea. X2. 
IGS. 6-8. Cotyledons of Hicoria glabra. X3. 
FiGs. 9, 10. Seedlings of Hicoria glabra, Nat. size. 
