EB a ak 
Ee it a Bical: ve on 
= 3 is 
bee aes 
ANG 
: “ie Le Botaniste 10:177, etc. 
1909] CURRENT LITERATURE 159 
and P. C. Sranpiey (Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 36: 105-112. 1909) have described 
Ir species and one variety of flowering plants as new to science; these are based 
‘chiefly on the collections made in Mexico by O. B. Metcatr.—J. M. GREENMAN. 
Morphology of Monascus.—BaRKER'? and OLive’3 in their investigations 
of Monascus describe the ascogenous hyphae as arising from an oogonium, 
which has been fertilized by an antheridium, thus establishing a true sexual 
process for this form, while Kuyrer’4 denies any fusion of sexual cells. IKENO*S 
asserts that there are no ascogenous hyphae in Monascus, but that uninucleate 
cytoplasmic masses arise by free cell formation from the ascogonium, which in 
turn divide also by free cell formation to form the spores. Kuyper in the main 
agrees with IkENO as to the absence of sexual cells at the origin of the perithecium, 
while BarKER and OLIvE hold that the asci arise from the cells of the ascogenous 
ds 
DANGEARD the ascogonium divides into several cells, each of which gives rise 
to binucleate cells, which form the asci and whose nuclei fuse. 
ScHIKORRA?? has recently investigated pure cultures of two species of Monas- 
cus, M. purpureus Went. and an undetermined species, and believes that he has 
explained the inconsistencies of the above-mentioned authors. The life-history 
of both these species is similar. The female organ arises as a multinucleate 
subterminal cell of a hypha. This cell later divides into a trichogyne and 
Oogonium. The apical cell is a multinucleate antheridium and fuses with the 
trichogyne, into which the male nuclei pass by means of a pore. There is an 
evident gap in observations at this point and the author next describes the male 
and female nuclei as arranged in pairs in the ascogonium. From the hypha 
below the sexual organs investing hyphae arise, which form a two-layered peri- 
thecial wall. Ascogenous hyphae originate from the fertilized oogonium. These 
hyphae contain nuclei in pairs, which multiply by conjugate divisions, although 
no such divisions are figured. The asci are formed from the subterminal cells 
ease ee 
‘? Barker, P. T. B., The morphology and development of the ascocarp of 
Monascus. Annals of Botany 1'7:167—236. 190 
_ 13 Oxive, E. W., The morphology of Monascus purpureus. BOT. GAZETTE 39: 
50-60. 1905. : ; 
4 Kuyper, H. P., Die Peritheciumentwicklung von Monascus pur pureus 
Went. und pi Barkeri Dang., so wie die systematische Stellung dieser Pilze. 
Ann, Mycol. I 
TKENO, S., Ueber die Sporenbildung und penser: Stellung von Monascus 
pur peas West Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Gesells. 21:259-269- 1993- 
GEARD, P. A., Recherches sur belies he du périthéce chez les Asco- 
1907 
'* SCHIKoRRA, W., Ueber die uewickivanasechices yon Monssces. Zeits. 
Bot. 12379-410. 1909. 
