308 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [OCTOBER 
account of collateral information as well as the researches at the Desert 
Laboratory.—HeEnry C. Cow es. 
Animal galls 
A prodigious amount of work is represented by the two ponderous volumes 
of Hovarp, devoted to the galls, produced by animals, which have been found 
upon European plants, including those of the Mediterranean basin.* Few 
botanists, we imagine, are aware of the extent of what now really ranks as a special 
branch of biological science, cecidology, which has its own journal, Marcellia, and 
is awakening the interest of both botanists and entomologists. 
this monumental work Hovarp describes 6239 zoocecidia, produced by 
1466 species of animals, on 2299 species of plants. Of the animal gall-producers 
the most important are the Insecta, of the families Curculionidae (Coleoptera), 
Cynipidae (Hymenoptera), Cecidomyidae and Muscidae > (Diptera), Aphididae 
i i Nema 
Rotifera are represented by one species each. Of the plants 68 are cryptogams, 
35 gymnosperms, 173 monocotyls, and 2053 dicotyls. 
A large number of the galls are illustrated by original figures and some copies, ~ 
both external and sectional views being given when necessary to show structure. 
The part of the plant deformed is indicated; the gall is described tersely, with 
compact and inconspicuous bibliographical notations; the specific name of the 
There is a full bibliography, arranged alphabetically by authors; an index to 
the animals named, preceded by a tabular view of the genera, classified by families 
and orders; and an index of the plants by genera and species 
It is not often one sees a scientific work involving jaeh multifarious detail 
planned so carefully and carried out so consistently and successfully. Herein 
the publishers doubtless deserve praise for active cooperation. It would be 
difficult to find a flaw in either plan or execution. 
Since no extensive studies on the cecidia of this country have been made, 
these volumes, the most thorough, comprehensive, and accurate that have yet 
appeared in any country, will doubtless serve for many years in the preliminary 
work that needs to be done on our own galls. They must certainly be most 
useful, and it is to be hoped that with such a guide, more of our younger biologists 
will take up the study with vigor.—C. R. B. 
a Darwin memorial volume 
Among the numerous publications in commemoration of the centenary of 
the birth of CHartes Darwsn and of the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of 
4 Hovarp, C., Les zoocécidies des plantes d’Europe et du bassin de la — 
ranée. 2 vols. 8vo. pp. 1248. figs. 1365. pl. 2. portraits 4. Paris: A. Hermann 
Fils. 1909. 45 fr. 
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