392 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [NOVEMBER 
H. E1ceNMANN; “Darwin and eee by H. F. OssBorn; and “‘Evolu- 
tion and psychology,” by G. STANLEY HAL 
ese addresses, by men whose work ne writings are concerned with various 
phases of animal life, deal with problems of wide interest, but in the main they are 
from the point of view of the zoologist rather than of the botanist, and the material 
for illustration is largely drawn from animal biology. One gets the impression 
in reading the different essays that often the point of view of the authors is all too 
narrow; it is that of the advocate or pleader seeking undue prominence for a cer- 
tain phase of the evolution problem, rather than that of a man of science consider- 
ing the phenomena from a broad, impartial point of view. 
n the whole, however, the papers are clear, concise, and very much to the 
point. Due allowance being made for the standpoint from which the individual 
author took his departure, they present very fairly the average opinions held by 
the various workers in different fields today. Probably the lay reader will get from 
the volume what every biologist knows to be true, that the problems of evolution 
are no longer in the simple state where one factor can be held to explain everything, 
but that many more factors must be brought in and all harmonized before the 
evolution question will assume a more unified aspect. He can hardly fail to see 
clearly that the fact of evolution is beyond Sea wu that it is the method of 
evolution which is now under discussion —W. L. T 
Report of American Breeders’ Association 
The Fifth Annual Report of the American Breeders’ Association? maintains 
the high standard which has been shown by all the previous reports of this impor- 
tant organization, and without question contains the most important body of 
experience and speculation dealing with matters of heredity and breeding as well 
as of the new science of ‘‘eugenics” to be found in America. The present volume 
is in several respects an improvement over any previous one. A number of use- 
ful summaries of breeding work in different crops are given in the form of commit- 
tee reports, the most important of these dealing with alfalfa, apples, wheat, sugar 
cane, and tobacco. Special methods for the conduct of practical breeding work in 
corn, alfalfa, wheat, and sorghum are given. Of over eighty separate articles 
contained in the volume nearly half have to do with plant breeding, about one- 
third with animal breeding, and smaller numbers with eugenics, the theory © 
heredity, and other allied subjects. The most important papers, from a theoretical 
point of view, are ‘‘Some observations in telegony” by E. H. RILEy; ‘‘ Another’ 
mode of species forming,” by LurHer BurBANK; ‘Some cytological aspects of 
cotton breeding,” by Lawrence Batts; ‘Characteristics of Wealthy apple 
seedlings,” by W. T. Macoun; “Clonal or bud-variation,’ by HerBert J. 
WesBeER; “What are ‘factors’ in Mendelian explanations,” by T. H. MoRGAN; 
“Factors for mottling in beans,” by R. A. Emerson; and ‘The effect of different 
methods of selection on the fixation of hydrids,” by W. J. Spmiman. There are 
2 American Breeders’ Association. Vol. 5. pp. 420. July 1909. Washington, D.C. 
