34 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I47 



far as we know, that in Room 182B, (pi. 13, right) and none at all, 

 apparently, in third- and fourth-story rooms. Neither Jackson's de- 

 scription nor Mindeleff's 1887 photographs offer any evidence of an 

 outside balcony, as at Chettro Kettle and Pueblo del Arroyo. Lack- 

 ing external doorways to family apartments and with only one com- 

 mon gateway to the village, Pueblo Bonito was virtually a walled 

 town. 



The sole entrance to Pueblo Bonito, that in the southeast corner 

 of the West Court between Rooms 137 and 140 (fig. 2), was origi- 

 nally 7 feet 10 inches wide. After an unknown interval this pas- 

 sageway was barred by a single crosswall with a 32-inch-wide door 

 in the middle. Later, this reduced opening was blocked to leave, 

 front and back, shallow alcoves presumably sheltering ladders to be 

 pulled to the rooftops in time of need. There must have been press- 

 ing reason for this deliberate and progressive closing-in ! 



What is now represented to visitors as a second village gateway, 

 in the southwest corner of the East Court is an error for which I am 

 partially responsible. Room 155, previously cleared, had been refilled 

 with excavation waste thrown out of 152. When we carted away this 

 waste to make grade for our dump cars and track we removed some 

 of the broken masonry, disintegrated and much reduced in the inter- 

 val since excavation (pi. 5, upper). The south door of Room 155, 

 shown open with sill at floor level on unpublished Hyde nega- 

 tive 570, presumably had been blocked during occupancy as was that 

 in Room 154, adjoining. My failure partly to restore these broken 

 walls left a low place between Rooms 154 and 156 that furnished 

 some one with the idea of a second village entrance, balancing that 

 to the West Court. On the other hand, Jackson's 1877 restoration 

 of Pueblo Bonito shows a broad East Court gateway hereabout (pi. 

 49, upper). 



The blank outside wall of Old Bonito, the promptly sealed doors 

 in the initial Late Bonitian addition to the pueblo and omission of 

 external doors thereafter, the barring of the lone town gateway, and 

 evidence of prehistoric vandalism in Old Bonitian burial rooms 

 (Judd, 1954, pp. 325-341), all combine to suggest early and recur- 

 rent hostile pressure against the inhabitants of Pueblo Bonito. The 

 source of that pressure is conjectural, but it may well have been the 

 Largo-Gallina area 100 miles to the northeast, whence came, pre- 

 sumably, the conical-bottomed pots we recovered from Kiva W and 

 Room 314 (Judd, 1954, p. 195). 



All Late Bonitian dwellings, including 314, had been stripped of 



