NO. I ARCHITECTURE OF PUEBLO BONITO JUDD I5 



slaty-gray or grayish-white, sherd-tempered, mineral-paint pottery 

 known throughout the San Juan country as "Mancos Black-on-white." 

 Although widely reported and often illustrated, Mancos Black-on- 

 white was first described by Martin (1936, pp. 90-94) from Lowry 

 Ruin, northwest of Mesa Verde National Park, southwestern 

 Colorado. Subsequent investigations broadened his original descrip- 

 tion: 



... a Chaco-like ware found in southeastern Utah and southwestern Colorado. 

 It manifests the same general treatment, appearance, and elements of design as 

 early Chaco pottery. These design elements are: squiggly, diagonal hatch; 

 checker-boards with solid or hatched squares ; pendent or opposed triangles, solid 

 or hatched; terraces, or stepped elements; panels of oblique or vertical lines 

 bordered by ticked lines, opposed triangles, or other solid elements ; quartered 

 patterns ; cross or diamond hatch polka dots ; solid elements bordered by parallel 

 lines ; plain stripes ; ticked and double ticked lines ; scrolls ; allover patterns . . . 

 of oblique parallel lines . . . ; chevrons ; and combinations of two or more of 

 these elements (Martin, 1938, p. 268). 



Writing from Santa Fe 10 years later, Reed (1958, p. 81) added 

 to Martin's definition: " Mancos Black-on-white is characterized by 

 tapered direct rims, unpainted or painted (sometimes smoothly 

 rounded or nearly squared, sometimes ticked) ; moderately thin vessel 

 walls . . . largely unslipped surfaces . . . typically dark bluish gray 

 . . . but also very often light gray; iron paint; sherd temper" — an 

 addition that appears to combine Roberts's definitions of the Transi- 

 tional and Chaco-San Juan varieties noted at Pueblo Bonito. Of a 

 collection then in hand Reed wrote (ibid., p. 95) : "Fully half the 

 sample lot of Pueblo III sherds from stratigraphic work in Chaco 

 Canyon deposited in the Laboratory of Anthropology by Roberts is 

 solid-style Mancos." 



Presumably that sample lot came from one of the two tests Roberts 

 and Amsden cut through 12 feet of household sweepings under the 

 West Court at Pueblo Bonito. Because Pueblo Bonito is customarily 

 thought of as a Pueblo III ruin exclusively. Reed erred in assuming 

 that every sherd in the sample was dated by the P. Ill fragments 

 present. Actually, as I have attempted to emphasize repeatedly, 

 Roberts and Amsden collected P. Ill sherds, including those of 

 Pueblo Bonito's famed cylindrical vases, from the upper 4 feet only. 

 Any accompanying Transitional, or P. II, fragments merely prove 

 continuing production of the latter following arrival of P. Ill 

 potters. 



If the "solid-style Mancos" recognized by Reed in half the sample 

 lot supplied by Roberts is identical with Mancos Black-on-white, a 



