NO. I ARCHITECTURE OF PUEBLO BONITO JUDD 6l 



superior wattlework found in Late Bonitian Rooms 256 and 257 nor 

 in a short section we exposed during subcourt explorations outside 

 the northeast corner of Room 149. 



Post-and-mud construction is generally accepted as a mark of 

 Pueblo II civilization but Pueblo II stonework at its very best is 

 also to be seen in Old Bonito. It surpasses that of every other 

 Pueblo II settlement of which I have knowledge. And the town 

 arrangement is pure Pueblo II — a crescentic assemblage of living 

 rooms, each with paired storerooms at the rear, subterranean kivas 

 out in front and a community trash pile beyond the kivas. Later 

 stonework was double-coursed — a rubblework core veneered on both 

 sides with faced building blocks. 



That transverse block of small rooms that divides Old Bonito 

 into two fairly equal parts includes both early and late masonry. 

 Because published descriptions of these small rooms or at least 

 some of them, have proved confusing to students of Pueblo Bonito 

 it seems desirable to introduce at this point the results of my own 

 independent inquiries, Pepper's field notes in hand. 



Pepper (1920, p. 39) describes Room 3 as "one of a series of 

 open rooms . . . extending in a northeasterly direction" ; places 

 Room 3a east of 3 ; 3b, north of 3a; 3c, west of 3b ; 3d above 3c (pp. 

 43-45). These orientations afford ample evidence that Pepper was 

 sometimes puzzled, as I often was, how best to record the bearing 

 of a given wall. Comparing visible masonry with his text and read- 

 ing the compass a bit closer, I would locate 3a northeast of Room 3 ; 

 3b northeast of 3a; 3d above 3b. The Society made no excavation 

 in this series other than that necessary to construction of a stairway 

 against the northeast wall of Room 3a, leading down to the door 

 connecting with 3b. The open room above 3b, readily identified by 

 its ceiling and west-end platform as Pepper's 3d (p. 45), is un- 

 questionably the uppermost of the two open rooms below Room 110, 

 entered in 1896 "through a hole broken in the wall" (p. 329). That 

 hole, in the middle northeast wall, was breached from Room 58 

 (p. 220) ; a northwest corner hole, broken through the floor in front 

 of the platform, gave access to the lower room, 3b (p. 329). Neither 

 description nor recorded measurement positively identifies Room 3c 

 but, situated "directly west [NW] of Room 3b" and entered "through 

 a hole which someone had broken in the west [NW] wall" [of 3b] 

 (p. 44), it must be the "lower part of [R. Ill] . . . broken into 

 through the south [SE] wall in 1896" (p. 330). These three holes: 

 in the northwest wall of 3b, in the northeast wall and the northwest 



