NO. I ARCHITECTURE OF PUEBLO BONITO JUDD 69 



northward beneath the fourth-type masonry of the Kiva Z enclosure 

 and southward under both the second-type kiva remnant previously 

 noted and the nondescript stonework of Room 348. Here, then, in 

 beautiful succession we have a profile of kiva stonework from first- 

 type to fourth : the oldest made way for the second ; the second was 

 replaced by third-type Kiva 67 and, after the latter served its pur- 

 pose, fourth-type Kiva Z was built upon the remains. 



Still another Old Bonitian kiva is represented, I believe, by two 

 wall fragments unearthed during the digging of our West Court 

 trench (fig. 7). One fragment, above Station 330 and razed to 

 within 14 inches of its associated floor, 11 feet 10 inches below the 

 last utilized surface, appears to be part of a bench face. Above and 

 to the north is the second fragment, a 5-foot-high section of crude, 

 thickly plastered external stonework with a pronounced upward 

 and outward slant in the Old Bonitian tradition but with an indicated 

 thickness of over 3 feet which would be unusual. These two sec- 

 tions of early stonework may, possibly, be parts of a first-type kiva 

 otherwise completely razed in advance of later building activities. 

 With admitted hestitancy I have represented its position on figure 3. 

 Two feet in front of the supposed bench and 11 inches from each 

 other are 2 pestholes, each 5 inches in diameter and filled with sand 

 from which we recovered three bone beads. 



Although understandably dubious regarding origin and purpose of 

 the two sections of stonework described above, I have less doubt in 

 connection with the beginnings of Kiva R, a dominantly second-type 

 Late Bonitian chamber repaired and renovated with third-type 

 masonry (pi. 24, left). A test pit 6 feet 7 inches deep in front of 

 and below the third pilaster revealed two earlier benches, the lower 

 of first-t):pe construction (pi. 24, right). 



Obviously here was an Old Bonitian kiva whose outward wall 

 slant was preserved in two subsequent Late Bonitian revisions. The 

 orginal, therefore, was one of four known kivas fronting the cres- 

 centic house cluster of Old Bonito, and there is the possibility of at 

 least two others : the dubious one exposed in our West Court trench 

 and that to which Pepper points in his description of Room 19. 



This latter, portions of which we located beneath the floors of Kiva 

 16 and Room 210, had an indicated diameter of about 19 feet. 

 Room 210 preserves in its north wall part of the old kiva curve, here 

 coated by six successive layers of plaster and each heavily smoked. 

 Subfloor and adjoining on the south, the old wall averages 25 inches 

 thick and had been razed to within 19 inches of its bench. This 



