NO. I ARCHITECTURE OF PUEBLO BONITO — JUDD *J\ 



stitute rooms were built above. Third-type Late Bonitian masonry 

 is presently most conspicuous throughout this whole rebuilt section, 

 but second-type masonry preceded it. 



Pepper's figure 123, for example, shows the east end of Old 

 Bonitian Room 86 rebuilt with dressed sandstone blocks of rare 

 uniformity and thinly chinked in the manner I would classify as 

 second-type, while the opposite side of that same wall, as seen in 

 figure 124, is a composite stonework, a blend of laminate and dressed 

 friable sandstone, irregularly banded and separated by one to four 

 layers of laminate chips. The upper-wall masonry in Room 87, as 

 in 86, more nearly meets the specifications of my third type, and this 

 is even more apparent in the second and third stories. Here as else- 

 where replacements were made with salvaged building stone. 



Pepper (1920, p. 288) includes his figure 124 to illustrate "walls 

 of an angular room under Room 87." Limited testing convinced us 

 that two of those subfloor walls are Old Bonitian. That at the far 

 end, plastered and smoke-stained, is the exterior of original Old 

 Bonitian Room 86, its outer corner rounded and abutted by the 

 somewhat later Old Bonitian stonework that had enclosed Rooms 87, 

 77 , and beyond (fig. 3) . Wedged in to the right of that old stonework, 

 under Pepper's pile of potsherds, is the north foundation of the Late 

 Bonitian room that supplanted original 87. In the angle where the 

 two old walls meet, their foundations vary from 7 to 18 inches thick 

 and overlie several large, irregular sandstone blocks fallen from the 

 north cliff. These blocks rested upon clean sand, 9 feet 10 inches 

 below the floor of Late Bonitian Room 87. 



At lower left in Pepper's figure 124 one notes the protruding 

 south-wall foundation of the later room, built mostly of slabs from 

 Old Bonitian walls and standing upon the original Old Bonitian floor, 

 6 feet 4 inches below that of Room 87 but 17 inches above floor level 

 in orginal Old Bonitian Room 86, adjoining on the west. As this 

 17-inch difference may approximate the time interval between con- 

 struction of original 86, with its convex outer northeast corner, and 

 erection of original 87, so the 7-foot-9-inch difference in floor levels 

 between original 86 and Late Bonitian Room 87 may provide a clue 

 to the time that elapsed before Late Bonitian architects introduced 

 their third-type masonry. 



Pepper's descriptive data for Rooms 80, 69, 68, and 82 and our 

 own sporadic testing in them evidence other Old Bonitian stonework 

 paralleling that under Room 87. Clearly the east arm of crescentic 

 Old Bonito formerly extended at least this far eastward before it 



