82 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I47 



209, and perhaps others among this second-type Late Bonitian addition 

 to the pueblo. 



Surgeon J. F. Hammond's description of a Pueblo Bonito room not 

 examined by Simpson (in Simpson, 1850, pp. 144-145) clearly com- 

 bines his recollections of Room 14& with those of 303, as seen through 

 the half-filled south door of 14b. Since all he observed through that 

 opening had been removed prior to 1920 a winnowing of his descrip- 

 tion augments that of Pepper and provides understanding of a second 

 variety of Late Bonitian ceiling — one no longer evident anywhere 

 about the pueblo. 



Hammond's "8 cylindrical beams about 7 inches in diameter" were 

 in Room 14b ; his "6 cylindrical beams . . . less than 2 feet apart" 

 were in 303. Resting upon these six and at right angles to their length 

 "were poles . . . about 2 inches in diameter ... in contact with each 

 other . . . bound together ... by slips apparently of palm-leaf or 

 marquez. , . , Above and resting upon the poles, closing all above, 

 passing transversely of the room, were planks about 7 inches wide and 

 ^ of an inch in thickness. They were in contact, or nearly so . . . all 

 their surfaces were ... as smooth as if planed. . . . Beyond the 

 plank [s] nothing was distinguishable from within. The room was 

 redolent with the perfume of cedar." 



Dr. Hammond did not enter Room 303 ; he merely stood in I4b and 

 peered through its half-filled south door. The "planks" he saw were 

 fitted so closely their overlying pad of cedarbark was not visible. 

 But the six transverse beams were there and the 2-inch longitudinal 

 poles. This whole assemblage, which appears so clearly in Pepper's 

 informative figures 23 and 24, had slumped down together and had 

 come to rest upon the south edge of the second-story floor whence they 

 leaned, slantwise, to an open north door. That second-story door has 

 since gone but the masonry on either side is readily identified. The 

 planks and their blanket of cedarbark therefore represent not the 

 floor of 14a, as the legends would have us believe, but that of third- 

 story 303C, settled down upon the floor of the second-story room, 

 303B, which is at ceiling level of Old Bonitian Room IIB (pi. 27, 

 left). 



Hand-smoothed "planks" were a Late Bonitian specialty. So, too, 

 the peeled and abraded willows in the ceiling of Room 14b. Pepper 

 (ibid., p. 318) said such willows were found "in all the rooms of this 

 outer series" and my more limited observations partially confirm his. 

 We saw none in rooms other than those of second-type construction, 

 but not all such rooms were ceiled with dressed willows. Strips of red 



