128 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I47 



their second-type storeroom, 304, adjoining. Ceiling beams from 

 Room 10 protrude through its north wall at floor level of 304. Old 

 Bonitian rooms were remodeled and their first-type stonework re- 

 placed with second-type. Subsequently third-type masonry replaced 

 the second throughout most of this area. 



Perhaps 30 Old Bonitian dwellings and storerooms east of 71, 78, 

 and 86 were razed and replaced by those of second-type masonry 

 during the Late Bonitians* initial constructional program. Many of 

 these latter, in turn, were replaced by a successor program that began 

 in the unnumbered room immediately north of 86 (pi. 22, upper) 

 and, continuing east, left some of its foundations subfloor in Rooms 

 87, 88, 295, and others. Ultimately the third-type walls now standing 

 replaced all that had gone before (fig. 5). 



From these standing walls and their predecessors it seems obvious 

 that Late Bonitian architects were actuated by an urge to surround 

 Old Bonito with stonework of their own. Each succeeding change 

 appears, knowingly or otherwise, to have preserved the original 

 crescent of Old Bonito. If the Late Bonitians sought to join the 

 arms of that crescent and close in the space between it was their 

 own idea, one that never occurred to the occupants of Old Bonito. 

 East and west. Late Bonitian rooms overlie the remains of earlier 

 Late Bonitian walls. Those crossing the two courts subfloor south of 

 Kiva A are later and shallower than those on the north side and 

 their stonework includes more salvaged material. 



Our first undertaking in 1921 as we sought to discover the his- 

 tory of Pueblo Bonito was a stratigraphic section of the principal 

 village refuse mound, the western (pi. 6, left). We profiled that 

 20-foot-deep accumulation four separate times, 1921-1924, and always 

 with the same result: Fragments of early and late domestic pottery 

 and incredible quantities of constructional waste were intermixed, 

 top to bottom. There seemed no plausible explanation for this admix- 

 ture. Finally, in desperation, I determined to seek solution within the 

 ruin itself. Anticipating the next season we moved our major equip- 

 ment to the West Court in the late summer of 1924 and laid bare 

 its last occupation level, 6 feet 5 inches above the floor of Old Bonitian 

 Room 330 (pi. 17, upper). 



Beginning our 1925 program, we extended the West Mound trench 

 to Room 136 and thence north to Kiva Q (pi. 6, right). That ex- 

 ploratory trench, 40 feet from the straight east side of the Court 

 and 5 feet wide not only solved the mystery of the intermixed village 

 debris but revealed far more of village history than we had anticipated. 



