NO. I ARCHITECTURE OF PUEBLO BONITO JUDD 163 



it are 40 selected ceiling poles averaging 2^ inches diameter and 

 placed close together, butt and whip ends alternating. Upon the poles 

 and again at right angles to them is a layer of red cedar splints, 3-4 

 feet long and perhaps a couple inches wide, held in place by narrow 

 splints above and lengthwise of the poles and bound to them by 

 yucca-leaf thongs. Layered cedarbark covers the bound splints and 

 then about 3 inches of mud, the floor of Room 227B. Close beside 

 that great timber the butt of a comparable beam, ringed with a flint 

 chip to limit axwork, protrudes 4 inches from Room 227-1. 



In like manner two other beams, 9 and 9^ inches diameter, project 

 through the south wall 3 feet or more from Room 173. These 173 

 beams (JPB, Nos. 2 and 03) were felled in A.D. 1078 and 1076 

 (Smiley, 1951 revision), whereas the main east- west beam and the 

 butt end from 227-1 were cut in 1075 and 1053 + respectively. These 

 four readings may represent construction dates or they may identify 

 timbers salvaged for reuse here. As will be noted from the table on 

 page 35, tree-ring dates from this latest addition to Pueblo Bonito 

 cover a bracket of 79 years. Reuse seems obvious. Despite proximity 

 of the Chaco forests, I suspect the ancient Bonitians were just as re- 

 luctant to discard a still serviceable beam as are present-day Pueblos. 



Room 227, with its surviving ceiling and banded fourth-type 

 masonry, once included the Kiva D corner I have numbered 235 for 

 the latter's lower east side, below the rebuilt upper portion, is a 

 continuation of that in Room 227 and its south side contains irregu- 

 larly protruding blocks of laminate and friable sandstone in the 

 manner of Late Bonitian stonework intended to be concealed. We 

 repaired and replastered a large hole some predecessor had broken 

 through the north wall of Room 227 and the National Park Service 

 in 1926 covered the roof with a protective layer of concrete. Rooms 

 227 and 227-1 were capped by a single second-story dwelling. 



Doorways connecting groundfloor fourth-type rooms are generally 

 straight-sided and true (pi. 14, right). Apparently planned in ad- 

 vance, their jambs usually began on top of the foundation and were 

 carried upward with the walls, leaving the lower 12-20 inches to 

 be filled in later when the sill-slab was positioned. It was the coarser 

 quality of this below-sill stonework that prompted me, perhaps 

 wrongly, to describe many Late Bonitian doorways as partly blocked. 

 Normally, lintels for these doors consist of 8 or 10 selected pine 

 poles bound together with split-willow or yucca leaf thongs and front 

 poles, at least, normally extended a foot or more to either side, com- 

 pletely concealed in the wall masonry. 



