NO. I ARCHITECTURE OF PUEBLO BONITO — JUDD 1 73 



emphasizes the fact that when Late Bonitian architects razed one 

 wall to erect another, the character of the earlier was reflected in 

 the later through use of salvaged materials. Only increasing reliance 

 upon laminate sandstone marks the sequential advance of Late 

 Bonitian stonework. 



There is reason to believe that Rooms 142 and 153 were first 

 constructed in what I have called third-type masonry and were later 

 rebuilt in fourth-type. We know this to have been the case in Rooms 

 140 and 141 and those to the north, surrounding Kivas A and B. 

 Taken together, the masonry of this central group most nearly meets 

 the standards I originally set up for my third-type classification as 

 indicated in figure 5 but a strong flavor of later handiwork prevails 

 throughout. Furthermore, fragments of Mesa Verde, or a proto- 

 Mesa Verde, pottery were recovered under the floor of Kiva A 

 and Mesa Verde pottery was a late importation at Pueblo Bonito. 



So, too, with the whole east side of the West Court. Originally 

 built of third-type masonry, as may be seen in Room 140 where the 

 old southeast corner survives (pi. 33, right), this wall was sub- 

 sequently replaced with one of fourth-type stonework. When we 

 began West Court clearing operations in 1924 and found this late, 

 one-story wall toppled forward we restored it with its own fallen 

 materials (pi. 36, upper). Therefore the Late Bonitians are them- 

 selves partially responsible if our restoration looks to be fourth-type 

 while inner walls remain of the earlier variety. 



Beginning with Room 34 and extending north to Kiva 16 and 

 thence westward to enclose Rooms 28B, 55, and 57, the refacing job 

 was so complete I have had no hesitancy in representing all of it as 

 among the final undertakings of Late Bonitian architects (fig. 6). On 

 the basis of Pepper's figure 28 (1920, p. IT) I have classified the 

 interior of Kiva 16 as third-type although its encompassing walls are 

 clearly later. The west side of the Kiva 16 square, the front wall of 

 Rooms 28B, 55, and 57, and the enclosing walls of Kiva Z, include 

 some of the best fourth-type masonry in the ruin — sandstone blocks 

 so closely seated it is not always possible to press a knife blade 

 between. 



Rooms 28B, 55, and 57 are fourth-type replacements for burnt-out 

 second-type rooms that the Late Bonitians had erected upon and 

 against first-type Old Bonitian dwellings. The three lie at the second- 

 story level, above Rooms 28 and 28a, and are therefore improperly 

 represented on our groundfloor plan (fig. 6; see, also, Judd, 1954, 

 pp. 23-28). But they cannot be omitted. Their continuing south 



