184 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I47 



We were drawn to Kiva 162 by Pepper's illustration (1920, 

 fig. 145) which shows a square, precisely rimmed ventilator opening, 

 an under-floor duct, and what appears to be a second ventilator 

 broken through the rear wall of the south recess. Beneath the tumble 

 weeds and blown sand of 20 years we found both ventilators but 

 the rim slabs had gone and where they should have been were the 

 ruins of an older under-floor kiva of a different kind (pi. 60, lower). 



Kiva 162 with its eight low pilasters and subfloor ventilator is 

 clearly of Chaco type, but that beneath has four masonry pillars 

 razed 5^ feet above their floor and two south recesses — a shallow 

 bench recess and another above, 3j feet deep by 8 feet 9 inches wide. 

 The deep south recess and high masonry pilasters identify this under 

 floor Kiva as an import from beyond the San Juan River. 



Kiva D is a Chaco-type kiva with individuality. It has a subfloor 

 passageway, 32 inches deep by 22 inches wide, that afforded secret 

 access to second-story Room 241 B. Paved with sandstone slabs and 

 roofed with pine poles, that passageway ended in a flight of three 

 masonry steps. The first two were 8 inches, front to back, but the 

 third was 15 — a hewn plank tread and a 2-inch longitudinal pole 7 

 inches below the Room 24 IB floor. There were a stone step and an 

 inset plank at the west end of the passage and more hewn planks 

 bridging the east end, under the bench (pi. 62, upper). 



While scraping the floor of Kiva D we came upon an embedded 

 sandstone tablet covering a masonry-lined repository 6 inches wide, 

 20 inches long, and 12 inches deep. Silt that retained several frag- 

 ments of shell and turquoise and the imprints of two short, rounded 

 objects of wood half filled the space. It has been constructed against 

 the concave side of an earlier, under-floor kiva 6| feet from the 

 passageway to Room 241 B, a fact which is, of course, purely for- 

 tuitous. Against the same concave wall and a few feet nearer the 

 Kiva D ventilator was a second repository, 9 inches in diameter by 

 10 inches deep, that contained the cockleshell and accompanying ob- 

 jects illustrated in our volume on the material culture of Pueblo 

 Bonito (Judd, 1954, pi. 89). 



The subfloor kiva, built of both laminate and dressed friable sand- 

 stone in what I have hesitatingly classed as third-type masonry, 

 measured 21 feet 4 inches in diameter and may have been left un- 

 finished since the customary bench is lacking. Significantly, the floor 

 of this early kiva, 6^ feet below that of D, is practically on the same 

 level as that of Room 241 A (fig. 18). 



Ten pilasters supported the domed ceiling but they were not ordi- 



